I-Titanium iyakwazi ukumelana nokugqwala kunentsimbi engagqwaliyo , ingakumbi kwiikloridi, emanzini olwandle, nakwiikhemikhali ezirhabaxa. Intsimbi engagqwaliyo, ingakumbi i-316L, isasebenza kakuhle kushishino oluninzi, ukutya, kunye nezicelo zokwakha. Ikwabiza kancinci kakhulu. Umbuzo wokwenyani awungowokuba yeyiphi intsimbi "engcono," kodwa yeyiphi ifilimu engasebenziyo ehlala kwindawo yakho ethile.
Uninzi lweenjineli kunye nabathengi baye babona intsimbi engagqwaliyo ingasebenzi: umgodi uvela phantsi kwe-gasket, i-weld discolors, okanye ityhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu ivuza emva kwexesha elithile. Oko kungasebenzi akuthethi ukuba intsimbi engagqwaliyo ayisebenzi kakuhle; kuthetha ukuba umgangatho uhambelana neemeko zenkonzo ezingalunganga. Esi sikhokelo sigubungela i-titanium vs 316 stainless steel corrosion, i-304 kunye ne-duplex grades, kwaye sithelekisa umgangatho wokuziphatha ngokwenqanaba, indawo ngokwendawo, kunye namazinga okugqwala kunye nemida ye-chloride ekufuneka uyenze ukuze ukhethe izinto ezikhuselekileyo. Ukuze ufumane uthelekiso olubanzi lwezi zinyithi, jonga isikhokelo sethu se- titanium vs stainless steel.
IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo
- I-Titanium yenza ifilimu ezinzileyo ye-TiO₂ engazinyangiyo eyaziphilisa phantse ngoko nangoko; intsimbi engatyiwayo ixhomekeke kumaleko we-Cr₂O₃ onokuqhekeka yi-chloride.
- Kumanzi olwandle ajikeleze umhlaba, titanium ibola ngaphantsi kwe-0.05 mm ngonyaka, ngelixa i-316L inokubandezeleka kukubola kwemingxuma kunye nokuqhekeka ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- I-316L inyamezela malunga ne-2,000 ppm chloride; i-304 iqala ukusilela malunga ne-100 ppm.
- Ixabiso lokuqala leTitanium liphezulu ngokuphindwe kathathu ukuya kahlanu ngokomthamo, kodwa ixesha elide lokusebenza kwayo linokunciphisa iindleko zobunini bayo nge-~40% kwinkonzo ebalulekileyo yokubola.
- Ukuxuba i-titanium kunye nentsimbi engagqwaliyo kwindibano enye kunokukhawulezisa ukugqwala kwenxalenye engagqwaliyo ngokusebenzisa i-galvanic coupling.
I-Titanium vs Ukonakala kweNsimbi Engagqwaliyo: Ukuthelekisa okuKhawulezayo
Sebenzisa le theyibhile ukuthelekisa i-titanium kunye ne-stainless steel resistance corrosion kwiindawo eziqhuba uninzi lwezinto ezikhethiweyo.
| okusingqongileyo | I-Titanium (iBanga loku-2 / iBanga lesi-5) | 316L Stainless | 304 Insimbi Engenasici |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amanzi olwandle (24°C) | Igqwesile; <0.05 mm ngonyaka | Kulungile; ukukroba/ukuqhekeka kunokwenzeka | Imbi; ukugoba okukhawulezayo |
| Izisombululo zekloridi | Igqibelele ukuya kuthi ga kubushushu obuphezulu | Ilungile ukuya kuthi ga kwi ~2,000 ppm | Ilinganiselwe; ~100 ppm |
| Ii-asidi ezikhupha i-oxidizing | Zintle | Kuhle ukumodareyitha | Phakathi |
| Ukunciphisa i-asidi | Kuhle ukuya kobalaseleyo | Ilinganiselwe; ixhomekeke kwi-asidi | Poor |
| Umphunga wobushushu obuphezulu | Zintle | Kulungile; umngcipheko ungaphezulu kwe-~60°C | Phakathi |
| Iikhemikhali zokutya/zekhemesti | Igqwesile kodwa igqithisile | Igqwesile; umgangatho weshishini | Kulungile; i-chloride encinci |
| Umoya jikelele | Zintle | Zintle | Kakuhle kakhulu |
| Ixabiso lezinto eziphathekayo | Phezulu (3-5x ngokomthamo) | Phakathi | low |
Indlela iTitanium Exhathisa Ngayo Ukugqwala
Ukumelana nokugqwala kwetitanium kuvela kwifilimu encinci ye-titanium dioxide (TiO₂) engasebenziyo eyenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo kwiindawo ezivezwe. Le filimu idla ngokuba nobukhulu obuyi-2-7 nm, izinzile ngokweekhemikhali kuluhlu olubanzi lwe-pH, kwaye inamathela kakhulu. Xa umphezulu ukrwelwe okanye wonakele ngoomatshini, ifilimu iyatshintsha kwii-millisecond xa kukho ioksijini okanye ukufuma.
Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwe-titanium kunye nentsimbi engatyiwayo yindlela into nganye edibana ngayo nee-ion ze-chloride. Ii-chloride ziintshaba eziphambili zentsimbi engatyiwayo.
Zinamathela kumaleko we-chromium oxide, zisuse ioksijini, kwaye zenze iindawo zokuqhekeka ezikufutshane. Umaleko weTitanium weTitanium une-affinity ephantsi kakhulu yee-chloride. Ukwanawo nethuba eliphezulu lokuqhekeka. Nokuba kumanzi olwandle abilayo okanye kwiibrines ezixineneyo, i-titanium iyamelana nokugqwala kwemingxuma kunye nokuqhekeka okungcono kakhulu kunalo naluphi na uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-stainless grade.
I-Titanium ikwamelana nokuqhekeka kwe-stress corrosion (SCC) kwiindawo ze-chloride kunye ne-sulfide. I-SCC yindlela yokusilela enokutshabalalisa i-316L ngaphandle kwesilumkiso.
Isinyithi asigqibelelanga. Ii-ion ze-fluoride ziyayinyibilikisa i-TiO₂. I-hydrogen pickup inokuyiqhekeza i-titanium phantsi kwe-cathodic charge. Nangona kunjalo, kwiindawo ezininzi zendalo nezemizi-mveliso, ukugqwala akusoloko kuyimbangela yokuthintela.
Indlela Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo Exhathisa Ngayo Ukugqwala
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo ixhomekeke kwifilimu engasebenziyo ye-chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃). Ifilimu yenziwa xa umxholo we-chromium ubuncinci uyi-10.5% kwaye kukho ioksijini. Amanqanaba e-Austenitic afana ne-304 kunye ne-316 aqulathe i-chromium eyaneleyo yokugcina le filimu emoyeni, emanzini acocekileyo, kwiikhemikhali ezithambileyo, nakwiindawo ezininzi zokulungisa ukutya.
Ukongezwa kwe-molybdenum kwi-316 kunye ne-316L kutshintsha i-equation. I-Molybdenum iphucula ukumelana nokugqwala kwemingxuma kunye nokuqhekeka ngokuzinzisa ifilimu engasebenziyo ngokuchasene nohlaselo lwe-chloride. Yiyo loo nto i-316L ilukhetho oluqhelekileyo lwezixhobo zaselwandle, ii-reactors zeekhemikhali, izixhobo zamayeza, kunye nezixhobo zotyando. Ngokwenyani, ukumelana nokugqwala kwentsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-316 yeyona ndlela abathengi abaninzi abathelekisa ngayo i-titanium kunye ne-duplex grades.
Nangona kunjalo, ifilimu yeCr₂O₃ ayizinzanga kangako kuneTiO₂. Kwiikloride, ifilimu inokuqhekeka kwindawo ethile, yenze imingxunya emincinci esebenzayo ekhula ngokukhawuleza kuba umphezulu ojikelezayo usebenza njenge-cathode enkulu. Nje ukuba iqalwe, imingxunya kunzima ukuyiqikelela kwaye ibiza kakhulu ukuyilungisa. Unyango lwe-passivation kunye noyilo olucokisekileyo lunokwandisa ubomi benkonzo, kodwa alunakwenza intsimbi engagqwaliyo ikhuseleke.
Uthelekiso loMhlwa kwiBanga ngalinye
Udidi lubaluleke ngaphezu kwegama lesinyithi. Nantsi indlela amanqanaba e-titanium kunye ne-stainless steel aqhelekileyo athelekiswa ngayo kwinkonzo yokubola. Xa abathengi bethelekisa ngokukodwa i-titanium kunye ne-316 stainless steel corrosion, bahlala bekhetha phakathi kodidi oluphezulu lwe-austenitic kunye nokhetho lwe-titanium ye-marine-grade.
Amabanga eTitanium
- Ibanga lesi-2 le-CP (i-titanium ecocekileyo ngokwezorhwebo): Ukumelana nokugqwala okugqwesileyo; ukhetho oluqhelekileyo lokucubungula iikhemikhali, ukususa ityuwa emanzini, kunye nezixhobo zasemanzini. Uhlobo lomsebenzi we-welding tube kunye ne-clad plate.
- Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 5): Iqinile kwaye iqinile kuneGrade 2 enokumelana okufanayo nokugqwala. Isetyenziswa apho imithwalo yoomatshini iphezulu kwaye kufuneka ukhuseleko lokugqwala.
- IBakala 7 (Ti-Pd) kunye neBakala 12 (Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni): Ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-crevice okwandisiweyo kwinkonzo ye-chloride enobushushu obuphezulu. Ibanga le-12 lihlala lisetyenziswa apho amaqondo obushushu olwandle adlula ~82°C.
Amabakala e-Stainless
- 304 / 304L: Ilungile emanzini acocekileyo, ashushu, kwaye ineekhemikhali ezithambileyo. Ziphephe iikloridi, ukungcola elunxwemeni, kunye neendawo zokuntywila emanzini.
- 316 / 316L: Ihashe elisebenzayo liyakwazi ukumelana nokugqwala. Linyamezela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2,000 ppm chloride kwinkonzo yamanzi kwaye lisebenza kakuhle kwindawo yokutya, kwimithi, nakwiindawo ezineekhemikhali eziphakathi.
- Duplex 2205: Ubungakanani obuphezulu be-chromium, i-molybdenum, kunye ne-nitrogen buyinika ukumelana okungcono kwemingxuma kune-316L. Indlela yokuphucula esebenzayo xa i-316L ingumda kodwa i-titanium ibiza kakhulu.
| kwiBanga | I-PREN eqhelekileyo* | Amanzi olwandle (24°C) | Umda weChloride (ppm) | Udidi lweendleko |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-CP Grade 2 Ti | ~ 20 | Zintle | Phezulu kakhulu | phezulu |
| I-Ti-6Al-4V | ~ 20 | Zintle | Phezulu kakhulu | Phezulu kakhulu |
| 304 / 304L | ~ 18-20 | Poor | ~ 100 | low |
| 316 / 316L | ~ 23-27 | Kulungile | ~ 2,000 | Phakathi |
| Duplex 2205 | ~ 35 | Kakuhle kakhulu | ~ 3,000-5,000 | Phakathi-phezulu |
*PREN = Inani elilinganayo lokuxhathisa ukungqubana. Eliphezulu lingcono.
Ngaba ufuna uncedo lokukhetha phakathi kwe-316L kunye ne-titanium kwisicelo sokugqwala? Nxibelelana noLIANYUNGANG DAPU METAL ukuze ucele isicatshulwa.
Iindlela zokungaphumeleli: Xa isixhobo ngasinye siphulukana
Iindlela zokusilela kweNtsimbi engagqwaliyo
- Ukubola kombhobho: Ukwaphuka kwendawo yefilimu engasebenziyo kwizisombululo zekloride. Ukubola kwengxobo yeyona nto icacileyo umahluko phakathi kwentsimbi engagqwaliyo kunye netitanium: iingxobo zomphezulu ezingagqwaliyo kunye nezo ngxobo ziyasasazeka; ititanium ngokubanzi iyamelana.
- Ukonakala kweCrevice: Ivela phantsi kwee-gaskets, iidiphozithi, okanye izitywini apho ioksijini iphela khona kwaye uxinano lwekloridi luyanda.
- Uxinzelelo lwe-corrosion cracking (SCC): Uxinzelelo lokuxinana oludibeneyo, ii-chloride, kunye nobushushu obuphezulu kunokubangela ukuqhekeka okukhulu kwiindidi ze-austenitic.
- Uvakalelo lwe-Weld: Ukufakwa kobushushu okungafanelekanga kunokuthintela ii-carbide ze-chromium kwimida yeenkozo, kunciphise i-chromium kufutshane nee-welds kwaye kubangele ukubola kwe-intergranular.
Iindlela zokusilela kweTitanium
- I-hydrogen embrittlement: I-hydrogen efunxwayo kukhuseleko lwe-cathodic, i-galvanic coupling, okanye inkonzo ye-hydrogen eshushu kakhulu inokunciphisa ukuguguleka.
- Uhlaselo lweFluoride: I-hydrofluoric acid kunye nee-free fluoride ions ziyayinyibilikisa ifilimu yeTiO₂ kwaye zibangele uhlaselo olukhawulezayo nolufanayo.
- Ukugqwala kwe-crevice kubushushu obuphezulu: I-titanium engaxutywanga inokugqwala emanzini ashushu olwandle angaphezu kwe-~82°C. Ibanga lesi-7 okanye iBanga le-12 landisa lo mda ukuya kwi-~260°C.
- Ukuhlwa kwegalvanic: I-Titanium ilungile. Xa idityaniswe nentsimbi engagqwaliyo kwi-electrolyte, i-component engagqwaliyo inokusebenza njenge-anode kwaye idle ngokukhawuleza.
Ibali elincinci: Isincamathelisi sesinyithi esixutyiweyo
Ngowama-2022, umenzi wezixhobo zaselwandle watshintsha iibholiti zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ngezixhobo zetitanium ukuze kongiwe ubunzima kwiqonga lamanzi anetyuwa. Iibholiti zetitanium zisebenze ngokugqibeleleyo, kodwa iipleyiti zesakhelo sentsimbi engagqwaliyo abazibophayo zaqala ukurhangqa imingxunya yeebholiti kwiinyanga ezili-18. Ngenxa yokuba i-titanium ilunge ngakumbi kunentsimbi engagqwaliyo, i-stainless steel yaba yi-anode yomnikelo kwisibini se-galvanic. Isisombululo yayikukwahlula iintsimbi ngombane okanye ukuphucula iipleyiti zibe kwinqanaba elinokumelana nokugqwala ngakumbi.
Iindawo ezingqongileyo zehlabathi lokwenyani
Amanzi olwandle kunye nolwandle
I-Titanium yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu xa kusenziwa inkonzo yamanzi olwandle. Amazinga okugqwala emanzini olwandle ahlala engaphantsi kwe-0.05 mm ngonyaka, kwaye iityhubhu ze-titanium heat exchanger ziye zahlala zisebenza iminyaka engaphezu kwama-60 kwezinye iindawo. Ukungcoliswa kwe-biofouling emanzini kuyenzeka, kodwa akubangeli umonakalo kwi-pitting okanye kwi-crack ebonwa ngeentsimbi ezingenasici.
I-316L isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindlela zokusebenzisa ulwandle ngenxa yexabiso layo eliphantsi, kodwa ayikhuselekanga. Ukugqwala kweendawo ezivulekileyo kunye nokuqhekeka kweendawo kuqhelekile phantsi kwee-barnacles, ii-gaskets, kunye neediphozithi. Kwinkonzo yolwandle enamandla, iityhubhu ze-316L zokutshintsha ubushushu zinokufuna ukutshintshwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-6-8.
Ukuze ufumane uthelekiso olupheleleyo lwezi zinyithi kumanzi anetyuwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo okuthintela ubunzima, jonga isikhokelo sethu sobunzima be-titanium vs intsimbi engagqwaliyo.
Ukwenziwa kweMichiza
Izityalo zeekhemikhali zikhetha izinto ezisekelwe kuxinzelelo lwe-chloride, ubushushu, i-pH, kunye neendleko zexesha lokungasebenzi. I-Titanium igqwesile kwigesi ye-chlorine emanzi, ii-chloride ezinamandla, kunye nee-oxidizing acids. I-316L yanele kwimijelo emininzi yenkqubo engathathi cala okanye ene-asidi encinci kodwa iyasilela xa ii-chloride zigxile kwimingxuma okanye zidlula i-~2,000 ppm kubushushu obuphezulu.
Ibali elincinci: Ukusilela kwe-Chemical Reactor
Umvelisi weekhemikhali ezikhethekileyo eJiangsu wayesebenzisa i-reactor ye-316L kumjelo wenkqubo yokuthwala i-chloride. Nangona yayingasebenzi kakuhle, inqanawa yaphuhla emva kweminyaka emine, nto leyo eyabangela ukuvalwa okungacwangciswanga kweeveki ezimbini. Inqanawa yokutshintsha yakhiwe nge-titanium yeBanga lesi-2. Ixabiso lokuqala laliphezulu ngokuphindwe kathathu, kodwa isityalo sisebenze iminyaka esibhozo ngaphandle kwexesha lokungasebenzi ngenxa yokugqwala. Iirekhodi zokugcinwa zibonisa ukuba inqanawa ye-titanium iya kuzihlawulela ngaphambi kokuba iyunithi yokuqala ye-316L ifune ukutshintshwa okwesibini.
Ukutya, iiKhemistri, kunye nezonyango
I-316L ilawula izixhobo zokutya nezamayeza kuba iyamelana neekhemikhali zokucoca umzimba, kulula ukuyicoca, kwaye ixabisa kancinci kune-titanium. Ikwayindlela eqhelekileyo yezixhobo zotyando kunye nee-implants ezininzi zexeshana.
I-Titanium ikhethwa kakhulu kwi-implants ezihlala ixesha elide kuba iyahambelana ne-biocompatible, ixhasa i-osseointegration, kwaye ayinayo i-nickel. Kwii-applications zokunxibelelana nolusu ezifana neewotshi okanye ubucwebe, i-titanium ithintela umngcipheko wokunganyamezelani kwe-nickel onxulunyaniswa nezinye ii-stainless grades. Jonga isikhokelo sethu se -titanium vs stainless steel ubucwebe ukuze ufumane okungakumbi ngale engile.
Umoya kunye neMizi-mveliso
Zombini ezi zinto zisebenza kakuhle kwimozulu eqhelekileyo. I-304 yanele uninzi lwenkonzo yangaphakathi neyangaphandle ethambileyo. I-316L yeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo kwimozulu eselunxwemeni okanye kwimizi-mveliso engcolisiweyo. I-Titanium inamandla kakhulu ekuchaphazekeni komoya ngaphandle kokuba ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuquka ii-chloride okanye isakhiwo kufuneka sihlale amashumi eminyaka ngaphandle kokugcinwa.
Iindleko zoMjikelo woBomi: Ukumelana nokugqwala xa kuthelekiswa nexabiso
Ibali leendleko zezinto lilula: i-titanium ibiza kakhulu. Ibali leendleko zomjikelo wobomi linomdla ngakumbi. Kwinkonzo enamandla, ukuqina kwe-titanium kudla ngokuyenza ibe lukhetho olungabizi kakhulu kunobomi bezixhobo.
Uthelekiso olulula lwesixhobo sokutshintsha ubushushu baselwandle:
| Indleko yeNdleko | 316L Stainless | Ibanga lesi-2 leTitanium |
|---|---|---|
| Ixabiso lokuqala le-tube bundle | $100,000 | $400,000 |
| Kulindelwe ubomi benkonzo | iminyaka 6-8 | iminyaka 25-30 |
| Ulondolozo lonyaka | $15,000 | $2,000 |
| Umngcipheko wokungasebenzi/wokutshintshwa kwesixhobo | Phezulu | Ngaphantsi |
| Ixabiso lilonke kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-25 | ~$600,000+ | ~ $ 450,000 |
Amanani achanekileyo axhomekeke kwiimeko zenkqubo, kodwa ipatheni ayiguquguquki: xa ixesha lokungasebenzi libiza kakhulu kwaye ukugqwala kunamandla, iindleko eziphezulu ze-titanium kwangaphambili zincitshiswa bubomi obude kunye nokugcinwa okuphantsi. Ukuze ufumane uhlalutyo olunzulu lweendleko, funda isikhokelo sethu seendleko ze-titanium vs intsimbi engagqwali.
Ibali elincinci: Umtshintshi wobushushu obuphuma emanzini
Isityalo sokukhupha ityuwa kwiPersian Gulf ekuqaleni sasisebenzisa iityhubhu ze-316L kwizifudumezi zaso zetyuwa. Ezi tyhubhu zahlala iminyaka esixhenxe ngaphambi kokuba ukubola kwe-crevice kubangele ukuba kubekho ityhubhu entsha. Ngo-2015, isityalo satshintshela kwiityhubhu ze-titanium zeBakala lesi-2. Emva kweminyaka elishumi, uhlolo lwabonisa ukulahleka okuncinci kodonga. Iinjineli ngoku zilindele ukuba i-titanium bundle ihlale ixesha elide kunexesha loyilo lwesityalo.
Ixesha lokukhetha iTitanium vs iNtsimbi engenasici yokumelana nokugqwala
Khetha i-titanium xa:
- Indawo yenkonzo inee-chloride, amanzi olwandle, okanye ii-asidi ezirhabaxa
- Izixhobo kufuneka zisebenze amashumi eminyaka ngaphandle kokugcinwa kakhulu
- Ixesha lokungasebenzi okanye ukungaphumeleli kuya kubiza kakhulu okanye kube yingozi
- Ukunciphisa ubunzima nako kubalulekile (elwandle, ezindizayo)
- Le nkqubo sisixhobo esifakelweyo ixesha elide okanye isixhobo esibalulekileyo sezonyango
Khetha intsimbi engagqwaliyo xa:
- Okusingqongileyo kuphakathi (umoya, amanzi acocekileyo, iikhemikhali ezithambileyo)
- Ixabiso lokuqala yingxaki ephambili
- Ukulula kokuwelda, ukugaya, kunye nokwenza izinto
- Isicelo sisixhobo sokutya, semithi, okanye semizi-mveliso ngokubanzi
- Iigreyidi ezingama-316L okanye ezimbini zinokumelana nokuvezwa kwe-chloride okulindelekileyo
Ukuba ukhetha phakathi kwe-304 kunye ne-316L, khumbula ukuba umxholo we-molybdenum ye-316L yiwo oqinisekisa ixabiso leprimiyamu kwinkonzo yokuthwala i-chloride. Ukuze ufumane isikhokelo esineenkcukacha, jonga isikhokelo sethu se-316 stainless steel kunye nesikhokelo se-304 stainless steel.
isiphelo
Ingxoxo yokumelana nokugqwala ayikokubhengeza ukuba kukho umntu omnye ophumeleleyo. Imalunga nokufanisa ifilimu engasebenziyo nokusingqongileyo. Umaleko weTitanium weTitanium unika ukhuseleko olukhethekileyo kwiikloridi, amanzi olwandle, kunye neekhemikhali ezirhabaxa. Umaleko weCr₂O₃ wentsimbi engatyiwayo wenza ukuba ii-316L kunye nee-duplex grades zibe ziinketho ezilungileyo nezingabizi kakhulu kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo zoshishino.
Kwiinjineli kunye namaqela okuthenga, eyona ndlela ilungileyo kukulinganisa iimeko zenkonzo, ukuqikelela iindleko zobomi bokwenyani, kunye nokukhetha umgangatho onikezela ukusebenza okuthembekileyo ngexabiso eliphantsi lobunini. Xa imeko imbi, i-titanium idla ngokuphumelela kuqoqosho, kungekuphela nje ekuchaseni ukugqwala. Ukuze ufumane uncedo ekukhetheni umgangatho ofanelekileyo we-titanium okanye wentsimbi engagqwaliyo kwiprojekthi yakho, nxibelelana neLIANYUNGANG DAPU METAL ukuze ucele ikowuteshini.
Ukubola kweTitanium vs iStainless Steel: Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo
Ngaba i-titanium iyakwazi ukumelana nokugqwala kunentsimbi engagqwaliyo?
Ewe. I-Titanium yenza ifilimu ye-oxide engashukumiyo (TiO₂) ezinzileyo ngakumbi kunefilimu ye-chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃) kwintsimbi engashukumiyo. I-Titanium imelana nee-chloride, amanzi olwandle, kunye nee-asidi ezininzi ngcono kunee-standard stainless grades.
Ngaba i-titanium iyarusa?
Hayi. I-Titanium ayigqwali kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo. Umaleko wayo we-TiO₂ uyaziphilisa ngokwawo xa wonakele, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ingagqwali emanzini, kwityuwa nakwiikhemikhali ezininzi zoshishino.
Ngaba intsimbi engagqwaliyo ingagqwala emanzini anetyuwa?
Ewe, intsimbi engagqwaliyo inokugqwala emanzini anetyuwa, ingakumbi i-304. I-316L isebenza ngcono ngenxa yomxholo wayo we-molybdenum, kodwa isenokufumana ukugqwala kwemingxuma kunye nokuqhekeka kwiindawo zaselwandle ezityebileyo nge-chloride ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ngaba ningakwazi ukusebenzisa i-titanium kunye nentsimbi engagqwaliyo kunye?
Ungakwenza, kodwa kufuneka ucinge ngokugqwala kwe-galvanic. I-Titanium ilunge ngakumbi kunentsimbi engagqwaliyo, ngoko ke kwi-electrolyte efana namanzi olwandle, intsimbi engagqwaliyo inokuba yi-anode kwaye igqwale ngokukhawuleza. Sebenzisa i-insulation, ii-coating, okanye ukhethe amabakala ahambelanayo.
Ngowuphi umgangatho wentsimbi engagqwaliyo okwaziyo ukumelana nokugqwala?
Phakathi kweentlobo eziqhelekileyo ze-austenitic, i-316L yeyona ikwaziyo ukumelana nokugqwala ngenxa yomxholo wayo we-molybdenum. Ukuze isetyenzwe kakuhle, iintsimbi eziqinileyo ezimbini ezifana ne-2205 zibonelela ngokumelana okuphezulu nangakumbi nokugqwala.
Kutheni i-titanium ingcono kunentsimbi engatyiwayo emanzini olwandle?
Ifilimu yeTiO₂ engasebenziyo yeTitanium ayiphuki emanzini olwandle atyebileyo ngekloridi. Izinga layo lokugqwala lidla ngokuba ngaphantsi kwe-0.05 mm ngonyaka, kwaye iyayiphepha imingxuma kunye nokugqwala okubangela ukuba intsimbi engagqwaliyo ingasebenzi kakuhle xa isebenza elwandle.
