Zombini iiklasi zidityaniswa kakuhle ne-TIG, kodwa ukuwelda kwe-titanium yebanga lesi-2 xa kuthelekiswa nebanga lesi-5 akulingani ngomzamo. I-titanium ecocekileyo yorhwebo yebanga lesi-2 idityaniswa ngokulula, inefestile ebanzi yenkqubo kunye nokunyamezela okuphezulu kokungcola. I-Ti-6Al-4V yebanga lesi-5 (Ti-6Al-4V) idityaniswa kuphela ngolawulo oluqinileyo lokufaka ubushushu, ukhuselo oluqinileyo olungasebenziyo, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo unyango lobushushu emva kokuwelda.
Umphathi wolondolozo lwezityalo zeekhemikhali wafunda lo mahluko ngendlela enzima. Wacaphula i-header yamanzi olwandle kwiBanga lesi-5 kuba iphepha lezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo lalisithi “i-alloy enamandla,” emva koko wabukela iqela lakhe lokuwelda lisokola nokulawula umbala, ukulungiswa kwakhona, kunye nekhuphoni eqhekekileyo eyasilela kuvavanyo lokugoba. Xa ubunjineli baphinda bachaza umgca kwiBanga lesi-2 nge-ERTi-2 filler, ii-welds zaphuma zisilivere kwipasi yokuqala, kwaye i-header isebenze iminyaka emithathu ngaphandle kokusilela.
Kule sikhokelo, siza kwahlulahlula ngokupheleleyo i-titanium welding yebanga lesi-2 vs yebanga lesi-5 : yeyiphi i-welding yebanga elilula ngakumbi kwaye kutheni, yeyiphi i-filler metal ekufuneka ichazwe, indlela yokukhusela nokuwelda yebanga ngalinye, indlela yokuzidibanisa, kunye nendlela yokuhlola i-weld egqityiweyo. Uza kugqiba ukwazi kakuhle ukuba inkqubo yakho ye-weld kufuneka ibandakanye ntoni.
IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo
- Ibanga lesi-2 lidibanisa ngokulula kakhulu kunebanga lesi-5. Liyi-alpha titanium yesigaba esinye enefestile ebanzi yokunyibilikisa, malunga ne-20% yobude, kwaye ikhawuleza ngokuphindwe kabini ukuya kathathu kune-thermal conductivity, ngoko ke linyamezela utshintsho olukhulu kubushushu nakwi-shield.
- Ibanga lesi-5 (Ti-6Al-4V) liyanyibilika kodwa lifuna ukhuseleko olucokisekileyo lwegesi, ubushushu obulawulwayo, amaqondo obushushu aphakathi akufutshane ne-150-200°C, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo unyango lobushushu emva kokunyibilika ukubuyisela ukuguquguquka.
- Tshatisa isizalisi nesinyithi esisisiseko: i-ERTi-2 yeBanga lesi-2 kunye ne-ERTi-5 yeBanga lesi-5. Ukuze udibanise iBanga lesi-2 ukuya kwelesi-5, landela icala elibuthathaka kwaye usebenzise i-ERTi-2.
- I-Titanium isabela emoyeni ongaphezulu kwama-426°C (800°F), ngoko ke yonke i-weld idinga ukhuselo lwetotshi, isihlangu esingasemva, kunye nokucoca umva nge-argon ecocekileyo kakhulu (99.995% okanye ngaphezulu).
- Umbala we-weld ujonga umgangatho. Isilivere eqaqambileyo ukusuka kwingca ekhanyayo ithetha ukukhuselwa okufanelekileyo; luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, mfusa, ngwevu, okanye mhlophe kuthetha ungcoliseko kunye nokulungiswa kwakhona.
Ngaba Ungayishicilela iTitanium yeBanga lesi-2 neleBanga lesi-5?
Ewe. I-titanium yeBanga lesi-2 kunye neBanga lesi-5 zombini ziyaxhunyelelwa, kwaye zinokuxhunyelelwana njengee-grades ezahlukeneyo. Umahluko ukho kubunzima kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo, kungekhona ekubeni izinto zingadityaniswa na.
- Ibanga lesi-2 lidibanisa ngokulula. I-titanium ecocekileyo ngokwezorhwebo (CP) yeyona ilungileyo kusapho, yiyo loo nto iphambili kwiikhemikhali ezitshixiweyo, zaselwandle, kunye ne-heat-exchange creation.
- Iiweld zeBanga lesi-5 ngolawulo olungqongqo. I-Ti-6Al-4V ivelisa ii-welds eziqinileyo, kodwa kuphela xa inkqubo iqinile.
- Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba amalungu ahlukeneyo ebanga lesi-2 ukuya kwelesi-5 adibene. Abenzi beenqwelo-moya badibanisa izikhumba zeBanga lesi-2 kunye neentambo zeBanga lesi-5 njengeeblanks ezidityaniswe ngendlela eyenzelwe wena kusetyenziswa i-electron-beam, i-laser, kunye ne-resistance spot welding, kwaye indibaniselwano ikwadityaniswa yi-TIG nge-ERTi-2 filler.
Intsomi eqhelekileyo ithi “i-titanium ayinakudityaniswa.” Inyani iphambene noko. I-titanium idibanisa kakuhle kakhulu xa ikhuselwe emoyeni. Ukusilela kuvela kungcoliseko, kungekhona kwi-arc. Wakuba ulawule ukhuselo, zombini ezi ntlobo ziziphatha ngendlela eqikelelweyo.
Kutheni iTitanium Welding ifuna ukukhuselwa
I-Titanium yintsimbi esebenza kakhulu ngaphezu kwama-426°C (800°F). Isabela kwi-oxygen, i-nitrogen, kunye ne-hydrogen evela emoyeni, kwaye ezo mpendulo zonakalisa i-weld.
Eyona mveliso yonakalisayo yi-alpha case. I-oksijini yi-alpha stabilizer enamandla, kwaye xa i-titanium eshushu iyifunxa, umaleko womphezulu oqinileyo noqhekekileyo obizwa ngokuba yi-alpha case uyenzeka. I-Alpha case ayinamandla okuqina kwaye ayiqhekeki kakuhle, kwaye inokuqhekeka ukudinwa kwembewu kwi-weld ebonakala ilungile. I-oksijini inokufunxwa ngaphezulu kwama-250°C, i-hydrogen ngaphezulu kwama-400°C, kunye ne-nitrogen ngaphezulu kwama-600°C, ngoko ke ungcoliseko luqala ngaphantsi kobushushu be-welding.
Ezi interstitials ezifunxiweyo zijika i-titanium crystal lattice. Zinyusa ubulukhuni kunye namandla ngelixa zitshabalalisa i-plasticity kunye nokuqina. I-hydrogen inokwenza iiplatelets ze-titanium hydride ezibuthathaka. Ngenxa yezi zizathu, ii-titanium welds zenziwa kwindawo engenamoya, kwaye i-weld kufuneka ihlale ikhuselekile ide iphole ngaphantsi kwama-425°C.
I-Titanium ikwafuna ubushushu obuncinci kunentsimbi. Uyitshixa "ipholile kangangoko," nto leyo eyenza umsebenzi wokukhusela ubaluleke ngakumbi kuba akukho mahluko maninzi. Ukuze ufumane umbono obanzi wokuziphatha kwe-titanium kusapho lwe-grade, jonga itshathi yethu ye-titanium grade kunye nezikhokelo zeempawu ze-titanium.
Ibanga lesi-2 vs iBanga lesi-5 Titanium: Uthelekiso lokuWelda
Itheyibhile engezantsi ishwankathela indlela la manqanaba mabini athelekiswa ngayo kwi-welding. Umahluko obonakalayo uqhuba yonke enye into kweli nqaku.
| Isithako sokuWelda | Ibanga lesi-2 (i-CP Ti, R50400) | Ibanga lesi-5 (Ti-6Al-4V, R56400) |
|---|---|---|
| Uhlobo lweBanga | Icocekile ngokwezorhwebo (i-alpha) | I-alfa-beta alloy (6% Al, 4% V) |
| Ukudityaniswa okuthelekisekayo | Ifestile ebanzi nebalaseleyo | Ulawulo lwenkqubo elungileyo, olungqongqo |
| Isizalisi esiqhelekileyo (AWS A5.16) | I-ERTi-2 (UNS R50120) | I-ERTi-5 (UNS R56400) |
| Uluhlu | ~ 20% | ~10-14% |
| Ukuqhuba i-thermal | 15-22 W/m·K | 6.5-7.2 W/m·K |
| Uxinzelelo lobushushu kwindawo yokuwelda | Iphantsi (isasazeka ngokukhawuleza) | Iphezulu (i-concentrates) |
| Ukunyamezela ungcoliseko | Phezulu | Ngaphantsi |
| Unyango lobushushu lwasemva kweweld | Akuqhelekanga ukuba kufuneke | Ihlala ifuneka kwii-welds ezibalulekileyo okanye ezidinwe kakhulu |
| Izicelo eziqhelekileyo ezidityanisiweyo | Ukucubungula iikhemikhali, amanzi olwandle, izinto zokutshintshiselana ubushushu | Izinto ezihamba ngenqwelomoya, ezithwala umthwalo kunye nezijikelezayo |
Kutheni iBanga lesi-2 liBanga eliLula ukuWelda
Ibanga lesi-2 yi-titanium ecocekileyo ngokwezorhwebo, ngokuyintloko yi-alpha yesigaba esinye ene-titanium emalunga ne-99%. Amandla ayo amiselwa yi-oksijini ye-interstitial, kungekhona ngezinto ezidibanisayo, ngoko ke akukho mveliso yokuguqulwa kwesigaba se-beta eyenziwa kwi-weld xa ipholile.
Loo lula unika iingenelo ezimbini ezisebenzayo zeBanga lesi-2. Okokuqala, ukuguguleka kwayo okuphezulu, malunga ne-20% yobude, kutsala uxinzelelo lokuncitshiswa kwe-weld yokupholisa ngaphandle kokuqhekeka. Okwesibini, ukuhanjiswa kwayo kobushushu, malunga ne-15-22 W/m·K, kusasaza ubushushu kude nejoyinti, ngoko ichibi elinyibilikisiweyo kunye nendawo echaphazelekileyo bubushushu zihlala zincinci kwaye zingaxinani kangako.
Isiphumo sivula ifestile ebanzi yokuwelda. Utshintsho oluncinci kwi-amperage, isantya sokuhamba, okanye ukhuselo luyaxolelwa. Yiyo loo nto imibhobho yeBanga lesi-2 kunye neetyhubhu zidityaniswa ebaleni kwiindawo zeekhemikhali kunye nokukhupha ityuwa, zihlala zisetyenziswa ngezixhobo ze-TIG eziphathekayo. Isikhokelo sethu seBanga lesi-2 se-titanium sigubungela yonke ipropati yesixhobo kunye nomfanekiso wokusetyenziswa kwaso.
Kutheni iBanga lesi-5 (Ti-6Al-4V) Lifuna Ulawulo Olungqongqo
Ibanga lesi-5 yi-alloy ye-alpha-beta eqiniswe yi-aluminium eyi-6% kunye ne-vanadium eyi-4%. Loo khemikhali inika amandla aphindwe kathathu kunebanga lesi-2, kodwa yenza ukuba i-weld isebenze ngendlela eyahlukileyo.
Xa kuphola, indawo yokuwelda ye-alfa-beta alloy inokwenza izakhiwo ezincinci eziqinileyo nezingenazimbobo. Ibanga lesi-5 likwaqhuba ubushushu malunga ne-6.5-7.2 W/m·K kuphela, isithathu sexabiso leBanga lesi-2, ngoko ke ubushushu buhlala buxinene kwijoyinti. Loo ngxinano inyusa umngcipheko wobushushu obugqithisileyo, ukukhula kweenkozo, kunye nongcoliseko kwindawo kanye ekunzima ukuyikhusela.
Ngenxa yezi zizathu, ukuwelda kwiBanga lesi-5 kufuna ulawulo olucokisekileyo lwenkqubo: iindawo ezicocekileyo, ukhuselo oluphezulu, ukufakwa kobushushu okucwangcisiweyo, amaqondo obushushu aphakathi akufutshane ne-150-200°C, kwaye kudla ngokwenziwa unyango lobushushu emva kokuwelda. Isinyithi esiweldayo ngokwaso sinokuguquguquka okuphantsi kunesinyithi esingumzali, yiyo loo nto i-PWHT idla ngokuchazwa. Ukuba uyilo lwakho lunamandla okanye lunomda wokudinwa, isikhokelo se-titanium yebanga lesi-5 kunye nothelekiso lwethu lwamandla lwebanga lesi-5 vs ibanga lesi-2 zichaza ukuba ubunzima obongezelelweyo bufanelekile na.
Ukukhetha iMetal yeFiller: ERTi-2 vs ERTi-5
Ukukhetha i-filler kulandela umthetho omnye kuqala: fanisa i-filler ne-base metal ukuze i-weld chemistry ihlale ihambelana. Iindidi ezisemgangathweni phantsi kwe-AWS A5.16 zilula.
| Isiseko sesinyithi | Isizalisi sokuFanisa (AWS A5.16) | Inkonzo Eqhelekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| Ibanga lesi-2 (i-CP titanium) | I-ERTi-2 (UNS R50120) | Inkonzo yokugqwala, ukwenziwa kweekhemikhali kunye nolwandle |
| IBakala 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) | I-ERTi-5 (UNS R56400) | Iiwelds zesakhiwo kunye nezeenqwelo-moya ezinamandla aphezulu |
| Ibanga lesi-2 ukuya kwiBanga lesi-5 (ezahlukileyo) | I-ERTi-2 (umthetho wecala elibuthathaka) | Iijoyinti ezidityanisiweyo kunye nezitshintshiweyo |
I-ERTi-2 sisizali se-CP esicocekileyo kakhulu esinemida eqinileyo ye-interstitial. Inika ukudityaniswa okuhle, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nexabiso, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe sisixhobo esisebenzayo sokugcwalisa izixhobo zokugqwala eziwelding.
I-ERTi-5 inekhemikhali ye-alloy, apho i-aluminium imalunga ne-5.5-6.75% kunye ne-vanadium imalunga ne-3.5-4.5%. Yindlela eqhelekileyo yokwenza ii-welds zesakhiwo ezinamandla aphezulu kwaye inobuthathaka kancinci ngexesha lokudityaniswa, ngoko ke ifuna uqeqesho lwenkqubo olufanayo ne-base metal.
Umthetho Obuthathaka WeeWelds Ezingafaniyo
Xa udibanisa iBanga lesi-2 ukuya kwiBanga lesi-5, ijoyinti iqine njengezinto ezibuthathaka, eziyiBanga lesi-2. Isikhokelo esisebenzayo kukulandela icala elibuthathaka kwaye usebenzise i-ERTi-2 filler endaweni ye-ERTi-5. Ukusebenzisa i-filler enamandla akwenzi ijoyinti ene-Grade 2-limited ibe namandla, kwaye kongeza iindleko kunye novakalelo.
Oku akuyonto ithethwayo. Abavelisi beenqwelo-moya badibanisa izikhumba zeBanga lesi-2 kunye neentambo zeBanga lesi-5 ukuze bafumane izikhewu ezidityaniswe ngendlela efanelekileyo, bedibanisa ukwakheka kweBanga lesi-2 kunye namandla eBanga lesi-5. Ukuwelda kwe-electron-beam kunye ne-fiber-laser zombini zifanelekile kwezi joints. Ukuba ujoyina la manqanaba mabini, qinisekisa inkqubo kunye nomvelisi wezinto kwaye uyifanelekele i-AWS D17.1 okanye i-ISO 15614-5 ngaphambi kokuba yenziwe.
I-TIG Welding Titanium: Iiparameter kunye noSeto loKhuseleko
Ukuwelda kwe-arc ye-tungsten yegesi, okanye i-TIG, yinkqubo eqhelekileyo ye-titanium. Uninzi lwe-titanium welding lusebenzisa i-direct-current electrode negative (DCEN) polarity ene-high-frequency start, ilensi yegesi yokuhamba kwegesi okugudileyo, kunye nekomityi enkulu kunaleyo ubuya kuyisebenzisa kwintsimbi.
Ukukhusela: Itotshi, Ukulandela, kunye nokucoca umva
I-Titanium ifuna icebo lokukhusela elinamacandelo amathathu, kuba isinyithi sihlala sisebenza de sipholile ngaphantsi kwama-425°C.
- Ukukhusela itotshi. I-argon ecocekileyo kakhulu kwi-99.995% (argon 4.6) ubuncinci, kunye ne-99.999% (argon 5.0) efanelekileyo kumsebenzi obalulekileyo. Ukuhamba kwetotshi okuqhelekileyo kuhamba phakathi kwe-15-20 CFH.
- Ikhaka elihambayo. Intsimbi eweldayo engasemva kwetotshi ihlala ishushu kwaye isengozini. Ikhaka elingasemva linweba i-argon coverage kwiisentimitha ezimbalwa emva kwetotshi ukukhusela isinyithi esipholileyo.
- Ukucoca umqolo. Ingcambu ye-weld iyanyibilika ngaphantsi ukuba ayikhuselekanga. Kwimibhobho kunye nombhobho, susa ingaphakathi nge-argon, kwaye xa uyisebenzisa kakhulu gcina ioksijini ingaphantsi kwe-20 ppm ide ijoyinti iphole.
Emva kokuba i-arc iyekile, qhubeka nokuhamba kwegesi ubuncinane imizuzwana eli-10 ukuze isinyithi esishushu singaze sivezwe emoyeni. Ungcoliseko kulula ukulubangela kwaye kunzima ukulibona. Ioyile, iminwe, ucingo olungcolileyo lokuzalisa, iipayipi zerabha zegesi ezifunxa umswakama, kunye nezixhobo ezikhe zachukumisa intsimbi yekhabhoni zonke zinokubangela iziphene. Sebenzisa izixhobo ezizinikeleyo, ezisusiweyo igrisi kunye nocingo lwe-titanium kuphela.
Ubushushu be-Amperage kunye ne-Interpass
I-Titanium ipholishwe nge-welding. Njengesikhokelo sokuqala se-TIG ngesandla kwiphepha elincinci:
| Ubunzima bezinto eziphathekayo | Umlinganiselo we-Amperage oqikelelweyo |
|---|---|
| 1.5 mm | 40-70 A. |
| 3.0 mm | 90-130 A. |
| 6.0 mm | 160-220 A. |
Gcina ubushushu be-interpass bumalunga ne-150-200°C okanye ngaphantsi ukulawula ukukhula kweenkozo kwindawo echaphazelekileyo bubushushu. Ukuba wenza izixhobo ze-titanium eziweldiweyo zenkonzo yokugqwala kwaye ufuna ukuzithelekisa nee-stainless grades esizicubungulayo, iqela lethu lokucubungula ngokwezifiso linokukunceda uvavanye ezinye iindlela.
Ukuhlolwa kombala weWeld: Oko iWeld yakho ikuxelela kona
Umbala we-weld yeyona ndlela ikhawulezayo yokujonga umgangatho we-titanium. Umbala uvela apho isinyithi siboniswe khona ngaphezulu kwama-450°C, ngoko ke ukuxelela ukuba ingaba isikhuselo siyikhusele na i-weld kumjikelo wayo wokupholisa.
| Umbala weWeld | meaning | inyathelo |
|---|---|---|
| Isilivere eqaqambileyo | Ukukhusela okufanelekileyo | Yamkela |
| Ingca ekhaphukhaphu / igolide ekhaphukhaphu | Ungcoliseko oluncinci | Ihlala iyamkeleka |
| Isibane esiluhlaza | Ungcoliseko oluthile | Uvavanyo; ngokuqhelekileyo yamkelekile kwinkonzo engengomsebenzi ubalulekileyo |
| Uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka omnyama / omfusa | Ungcoliseko lweoksijini okanye initrogen | Lungisa okanye ususe |
| Umgubo ongwevu/omhlophe | Ungcoliseko olugqithisileyo, imeko ye-alpha | Susa kwaye uphinde udibanise |
Ukuba i-weld ibonisa umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, omfusa, ongwevu, okanye omhlophe, isikhuselo asiphumelelanga kwaye isinyithi siyaqhekeka. Sila okanye utshinize indawo echaphazelekayo uze uyitshize kwakhona ngegesi egutyungelweyo. Umbala wesilivere ukuya kwi-straw kwipasi yovavanyo sisiqinisekiso sakho sokuba iseti yesikhuselo ilungile ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise ii-welds zemveliso.
Unyango Lobushushu Emva Kokushintshwa: Xa Udidi Lwesi-5 Lufuneka
Unyango lobushushu emva kokuwelda (PWHT) kulapho iBanga lesi-2 neBanga lesi-5 zahluka khona kakhulu xa kusenziwa.
Ibanga lesi-2 ngokubanzi alidingi PWHT kwinkonzo yokugqwala. I-weld iphola ibe yi-ductile alpha structure, kwaye indlela ezisebenza ngayo ezi zinto ithetha ukuba uninzi lwezinto ezenziweyo ziqala ngqo kwi-welding ukuya kwi-service okanye kwi-hydrotest.
Ibanga lesi-5 lahlukile. Indawo yokuwelda ye-Ti-6Al-4V iphola iye kwisakhiwo esiqinileyo nesingenazimbobo kangako kunentsimbi engumzali, kwaye uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo oluvela ekuwelding lunokwenza amalungu abalulekileyo okanye adinwe kakhulu abe sesichengeni sokuqhekeka. Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo okanye ukuqhoboshela emva kokuwelda kubuyisela ukuguquguquka, kunciphisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo, kwaye kuphucula ukusebenza kokudinwa. Ngenxa yeso sizathu, iinkqubo zokuwelda zebanga lesi-5 zezinto ezithwala umthwalo phantse zihlala ziquka i-PWHT.
Ivenkile yokuvelisa izinto esiyaziyo yafunda oku xa iqela leebrakethi zeTi-6Al-4V zaqhekeka kwi-weld ngexesha lovavanyo lobungqina. Ii-welds zazibonakala zicocekile kwaye zisilivere, kodwa ivenkile yayingayiboni i-PWHT ukuze igcine usuku olucwangcisiweyo. Umjikelo wokuphinda uncitshiswe wanciphisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo kwaye wabuyisela ukuguquguquka, kwaye iibrakethi ezivavanyiweyo kwakhona zaphumelela. Isifundo sahlala: kwiBanga lesi-5, amanyathelo ongezelelweyo awanyanzelekanga.
Izicelo eziWelded: Apho iBanga ngalinye liphumelela khona
Uhlobo olukhethileyo lokuhlanganisa oludibeneyo kufuneka luhambelane nendlela yokusilela oyila ngayo.
- Khetha iBanga lesi-2 lenkonzo yokugqwala okuweldiweyo. Ukucubungula iikhemikhali, ukususa ityuwa emanzini, imibhobho yolwandle, kunye nezixhobo zokutshintsha ubushushu zakhiwe kwiBanga lesi-2 kuba zithungela lula, ziyamelana nokugqwala, kwaye zinokulungiswa ebaleni. Ukuthungela kwayo kugcina iindleko zokwenziwa ziphantsi.
- Khetha iBanga lesi-5 ukuze ufumane amandla kunye nokudinwa okudibeneyo. Izakhiwo zeenqwelo-moya, iibrakethi ezinomthwalo omninzi, kunye nezinto ezijikelezayo ziqinisekisa ukuwelda okungqongqo kweBanga lesi-5 kuba i-alloy inamandla aphindwe kathathu kubunzima obufanayo.
Ngaphambi kokuba uzibophelele kwi-welding assembly, jonga indlela la manqanaba mabini athelekiswa ngayo ngexabiso , kuba ixabiso lezinto eziphathekayo kunye nobunzima bokwenziwa kudla ngokukhetha inqanaba kunye.
Ukuba isicelo sakho siqhutywa kukugqwala kwaye ulinganisa i-titanium kwizinto ezidityanisiweyo ezingabizi kakhulu, intsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-316L yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo. I-DAPU ibonelela ngeemveliso zentsimbi engagqwali ezingama-316 kunye nemibhobho yentsimbi engagqwali egubungela uninzi lwenkonzo yokuphatha ulwelo oludityanisiweyo ngexabiso eliphantsi kunele-titanium.
Awuqinisekanga ukuba i-welding assembly yakho iyayidinga na i-titanium? Iqela lethu leengcebiso zobugcisa linceda iinjineli zithelekise amanqanaba kunye nezixhobo ngokuchasene neemeko zenkonzo yokwenyani, kungekuphela nje kwikhathalogu.
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Ngaba ungayishicilela i-titanium yebanga lesi-2 ukuya kwelesi-5?
Ewe. I-titanium yeBanga lesi-2 kunye neBanga lesi-5 zinokudityaniswa kunye njengee-grades ezahlukeneyo. Kwi-TIG welding, sebenzisa i-ERTi-2 filler kwaye ulandele icala elibuthathaka, kuba i-joint ayinamandla kuneBanga lesi-2. Abenzi beenqwelo-moya badibanisa ezi grades zimbini nge-electron-beam kunye ne-laser welding kwiiblanks ezidityaniswe ngokwezifiso.
Yeyiphi i-titanium grade elula ukuyishibiliza?
Ibanga lesi-2 lelona lilula. Liyi-titanium ecocekileyo yorhwebo ene-single-phase enefestile ebanzi yokuwelda, i-ductility ephezulu, kwaye i-thermal conductivity yayo iphindwe kabini ukuya kathathu kune-Grade 5. Inyamezela umahluko omkhulu ekufakweni kobushushu kunye nokukhusela kune-alloy.
Ngaba kunzima ukuwelda i-titanium?
I-Titanium ayinzima ukuyihlanganisa ngendlela intsimbi enzima ukuyihlanganisa ngayo. Isabela kwi-oxygen, i-nitrogen, kunye ne-hydrogen engaphezulu kwama-426°C, ngoko ke ifuna ukhuselo olupheleleyo olungasebenziyo ngesikhuselo setotshi, isikhuselo sokulandela, kunye nokucoca umva. Xa isikhuselo silungile, i-titanium iyadibanisa ngokucocekileyo.
Yeyiphi intsimbi yokuzalisa oyisebenzisayo ukuwelda i-titanium?
Sebenzisa isizalisi esihambelana nesiseko sesinyithi: i-ERTi-2 (AWS A5.16) kwiBanga lesi-2 kunye ne-ERTi-5 kwiBanga lesi-5. Kwijoyinti eyahlukileyo yeBanga lesi-2 ukuya kwelesi-5, sebenzisa i-ERTi-2 kwaye ulandele icala elibuthathaka, kuba i-weld inamandla kuphela njengesiseko sesinyithi seBanga lesi-2.
Ngaba ukuwelda kuyawuthomalalisa umgangatho we-titanium yebanga lesi-5?
Ukuwelda kunciphisa ukuguguleka kwindawo yokuwelda yeBanga lesi-5, kwaye isakhiwo esidityanisiweyo siqinile kwaye asinzima kangako kunesinyithi esingumzali. Unyango lobushushu emva kokuwelda lubuyisela ukuguguleka, lunciphisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo, kwaye luphucula ukusebenza kokudinwa, yiyo loo nto luchazwe kwiiweld ezibalulekileyo zeBanga lesi-5.
Ngaba i-titanium yeBanga lesi-5 ifuna unyango lobushushu emva kokuwelda?
Ibanga lesi-5 lidla ngokufuna i-PWHT kwiiweld ezithwala umthwalo okanye ezidinwe kakhulu, kuba indawo yeweld iphola iye kwisakhiwo esiqinileyo, esingenazimbobo ezininzi kunye noxinzelelo olushiyekileyo. Ibanga lesi-2 ngokubanzi alifuni i-PWHT kwinkonzo yokugqwala.
Yeyiphi igesi yokukhusela oyifunayo kwi-TIG welding titanium?
Sebenzisa i-argon ecocekileyo kakhulu, ubuncinane i-99.995% kwaye kungcono i-99.999%. I-Titanium ifuna ukukhuselwa ngetotshi, isikhuselo esingasemva kwe-weld, kunye nokususwa ngasemva kweengcambu ze-weld, kunye nokuhamba kwegesi kuqhubeka de isinyithi siphole ngaphantsi kwe-425°C.
Kutheni i-titanium weld ijika ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka?
I-weld eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, emfusa, okanye engwevu ithetha ukuba isikhuselo asiphumelelanga kwaye isinyithi esishushu sifunxe ioksijini okanye i-nitrogen. Isilivere eqaqambileyo ukuya kwingca ekhanyayo ibonisa isikhuselo esifanelekileyo. Ungcoliseko olumnyama oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, olumfusa, olungwevu, okanye olumhlophe kufuneka lususwe kwaye i-weld iphinde yenziwe.
Ngaba udibanisa iBanga lesi-2 ngendlela eyahlukileyo kuneBanga lesi-5?
Indlela yokuseta isikhuselo iyafana, kodwa ulawulo alunjalo. Ibanga lesi-2 livumela ifestile ebanzi enokunyamezela ngakumbi ubushushu kunye notshintsho lokukhusela. Ibanga lesi-5 lifuna ulawulo oluphantsi lobushushu obuphakathi, ukhuseleko oluqinileyo, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo unyango lobushushu emva kokuwelda.
Ngaba intsimbi engagqwaliyo ingathatha indawo ye-titanium edibeneyo kwinkonzo yokubola?
Kudla ngokuba njalo. Kwinkonzo ye-chloride kunye neekhemikhali apho iprimiyamu ye-titanium kunzima ukuyichaza, intsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-316L idibanisa ngokulula kakhulu kwaye ixabisa kancinci kakhulu. Apho i-titanium ikhethwa ngenxa yobunzima, ukudinwa, okanye ukuzikhusela kwimidiya ethile, akukho mgangatho we-stainless grade onokuthi uthathe indawo yayo ngokupheleleyo.
isiphelo
Ukuwelda kwe-titanium yeBanga lesi-2 xa kuthelekiswa nebanga lesi-5 kuxhomekeke kulawulo, kungekhona kubuchule. Zombini ezi nqanaba ziyawelda, kodwa iBanga lesi-2 lelona nqanaba lixolelayo nelinobuhlobo nentsimi, ngelixa iBanga lesi-5 linika amandla aphezulu kuphela ngokukhusela okungqongqo, ukufaka ubushushu ngendlela efanelekileyo, kunye nonyango lobushushu emva kokuwelda.
Indlela esebenzisekayo ilula. Sebenzisa iBanga lesi-2 kunye ne-ERTi-2 filler xa uyilo luqhutywa lula kukuxhathisa ukugqwala, ukwakheka, kunye nokuveliswa. Sebenzisa iBanga lesi-5 kunye ne-ERTi-5 filler kunye nenkqubo ye-PWHT efanelekileyo xa amandla kunye nobomi bokudinwa zenza umgudu owongezelelweyo. Xa uzidibanisa zombini ezi zinto, landela icala elibuthathaka kwaye usebenzise i-ERTi-2.
Ukuze ufumane uncedo ekukhetheni izinto ezifanelekileyo kunye nenkqubo yokuwelda kwiprojekthi yakho, nxibelelana noLIANYUNGANG DAPU METAL ukuze ufumane isikhokelo sokukhetha izinto okanye ucele ikowuteshini.
