Kulungile, Bantu bakuthi, sele siza kuqalisa uhambo olunika umdla malunga nokuthotywa kwealuminiyam, oonobangela bayo, iindlela zokuthintela kunye nokukhusela umhlwa, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba senze njalo, masiqale siqonde iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga ezinazo ialuminiyam eziyinika ukuxhathisa umhlwa. Ezo meko zinokususela ekuchukumisekeni kwe-aluminiyam ukuya ekudlekeni kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuthatha konke okufunekayo ukuze kuxhamle ngokuzeleyo kwiingenelo zayo ngelixa ikhusela kwaye ikhusela ekumdleni ngokufanelekileyo. Nokuba yinjineli, isayensi yezinto eziphathekayo, okanye umntu nje onomdla wokufunda, eli nqaku lizama ukuqaqambisa ihlabathi elintsonkothileyo leAluminiyam kunye nokudleka kwayo kunye nezicelo zethu zemihla ngemihla ezinxulumene nayo. Ke, ngoku makhe siqale ngohambo lwethu lwe-aluminiyam kunye noqhagamshelo lwayo olunomdla kunye nomhlwa kunye nomhlwa.
Kutheni iAluminiyam ingaRust njengezinye iintsimbi?
I-Aluminiyam yintsimbi ekhethekileyo kuba ayifuni ukugqwala okanye ukugqwala kwaye ayifuni naluphi na ukugcinwa okuqhubekayo. Umaleko we-oxide owenzeka kumphezulu wawo xa utyhilekile emoyeni unika ukhuseleko olwaneleyo kwi-oxidation. Ngoku, makhe sibone ezinye izinto eziphambili ngenxa yokuba i-aluminium alloy ikhuselwa kumhlwa kunye nokuhlwa:
Ubukho be-Iron kwi-Rust: I-Aluminium, ngokungafaniyo nabalingani bayo, intsimbi kunye nentsimbi, isinyithi esingekho phezulu kwintsimbi. Nanini na iikhompawundi ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu nokuba i-organic okanye i-non-organic iqulethe i-chemical reaction kunye nokufuma okanye amanzi, igesi ye-oksijini iyakhululwa kwindibaniselwano kunye nemveliso esanda kwenziwa eya kuba yintsimbi ngokubanzi ebizwa ngokuba yi-rust. Yiyo loo nto umxholo we-aluminiyam uphantsi kakhulu kwi-iron kangangokuba kunzima ukugqwala.
Ingxelo ye-Aluminiyam kwi-Rust: Umhlwa ibonakala isiphumo sezibonakaliso zomoya eziveziweyo kunye ne-oxidization elandelayo ye-Aluminiyam evezwe emoyeni. Oku ke, kudala i-Aluminiyam oxide ethintela ngokumangalisayo i-oxidization kunye nokubola kwikamva ukuba kwenzeke kulo mhlwa owongezelelweyo owakhelwe ngenxa yomqobo owenziweyo xa upholisa.
Iziphumo zaManzi neTyuwa: Kwezinye iintsimbi, amanzi netyuwa zinokubangela isiphithiphithi ngendlela yokukhula komhlwa okukhokelela ngokungangqalanga ekuqokeleleni komhlwa ngakumbi, kodwa ngokwe-aluminiyam edla ngokungabi ngumba. Oku kungenxa yenxalenye yomaleko we-oxidation owenza phezu kwetyuwa kunye namanzi e-aluminiyam eyandisa amathuba okuba umhlwa owenzeka ukwehla ngokumangalisayo ngesiphumo somda omkhulu esiba mandundu.
Ukuziqhelanisa nezizathu zokuba ialuminiyam ingagqwali okanye irusi ibalulekile xa kumiselwa ukusebenza kwayo kumashishini ahlukeneyo. I-Aluminiyam ibonelela kwiimpawu zayo ezithile kakuhle kangangokuba ibe yinto eyomeleleyo kwaye inokwethenjelwa eyenza ukuba ifaneleke kumacandelo amaninzi kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi.
Indima yentsimbi kuLwakhiwo lomhlwa
Uhlobo oluxhaphakileyo lomhlwa ngumhlwa oneayini njengento ebumbayo. Ngalo lonke ixesha iayini isesichengeni sokufuma kunye neoksijini, iinkqubo eziqhuba ukwenziwa komhlwa ziyaqala. Ukulandelelana kweenkqubo ezinjalo ngokuqhelekileyo kwaziwa ngokuba yi-oxidation ekugqibeleni iphumela ekuveliseni i-iron oxide. Inqaku elinomdla ekufuneka likhunjulwe kukuba umhlwa yindibaniselwano ye-iron oxide compounds, ngokuqhelekileyo i-Fe2O3 · nH2O, enombala obomvu obomvu ocacileyo.
Amaphuzu aphambili:
Yonke imeko yokurusa ibonisa ubukho bentsimbi, ioksijini kunye nokufuma.
I-oxidation iyenzeka ngenxa yentsimbi kunye neoksijini kufuphi nomphezulu.
Ikakhulu iFe2O3 · nH2O iikhompawundi ze-iron oxide zenza umhlwa.
Indawo enomhlwa iya kuba ne-tinge ebomvu-brown.
Iiparamitha Zezobugcisa:
Intsimbi (Fe)
Ioksijini (O2)
H2O
Ukukwazi ukuqonda indima edlalwa yintsimbi ekuruseni kubambe ixabiso ekwazini ukuba i-iron-based compounds iya kuziphatha njani xa ibonakaliswe kwindawo equlethe ukufuma, ngokuphindaphindiweyo, enceda ekuqulunqeni iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokunqanda ukurusa. Nje ukuba iinkcukacha ezinjalo zaziwa, izazinzulu kunye neenjineli zinokusebenzisa iingubo zemizi-mveliso kunye ne-alloys ekwazi ukumelana nomhlwa ukuze zikwazi ukunciphisa umhlwa kunye nokwandisa ubude bobomi kunye nolwakhiwo lwemfezeko yempucuko esekwe kwintsimbi.
Indlela iAluminiyam yokuxhathisa umhlwa
Kutheni i-aluminiyam ingonakalisi? I-aluminiyam ngokwendalo ineepropathi ezichasayo ngenxa yokuba idyasi ye-aluminiyam oxide ikhula kumphezulu wayo. Yenza umaleko we-oxide ochasene ne-oxidation eqhubekayo kunye nokungena komswakama nomoya. Ngaphezu koko, nawuphi na umonakalo kumphezulu uhlawulelwa ngokuqulunqwa komgangatho omtsha, njengoko indawo evezwe ngokukhawuleza ifumana i-oxidized. Olu phawu lwe-aluminium lunceda ukuphepha ukugqwala kunye nokubola ngokubanzi, yingakho isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimeko apho kufuneka amandla kunye nokunyamezela kwezinto eziphathekayo. Ukufumana ukuqonda okungcono kweendlela ezixhasa ukumelana nokubola kwe-aluminiyam, inzululwazi yokubola kunye noncwadi lwe-aluminiyam yesinyithi kufuneka idityaniswe.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa iAluminiyam iBekelwe emoyeni?
Xa ibekwe kwindawo evulekileyo, i-aluminium idlula ukubunjwa kwe-oxide layer phezu kwayo. Lo maleko weoksidi oqulathe ngokuyintloko i-aluminiyam oxide ikwanceda ekunciphiseni umngcipheko we-oxidation kunye nokuhlwa okwenzeka kwi-aluminiyam. Lo maleko weoksidi wenziwa xa isinyithi se-aluminiyam sisabela kunye neoksijini ekhoyo kumoya ojikelezayo. Inkqubo enjalo, engadingi mthombo wamandla ukuba yenzeke, ibizwa ngokuba yi-oxidation. Apha, i-oxidation, ukongeza ekufezekiseni injongo yayo ephambili yokujoyina izinto ezimbini, ikwanceda ekuchazeni ukuba kutheni i-aluminiyam inobuxhakaxhaka be-corrosion.
Nangona igama elithi ukumelana nomhlwa linokutshintsha xa kuthelekiswa nemeko apho i-alloys ethile ikuyo kunye nokusingqongileyo okungqongileyo, nantsi eminye imiba yokunganyangeki komhlwa enxulunyaniswa neealloyi zokuphoswa kwe-aluminium:
Passivation: Ukunqongophala koqhagamshelwano phakathi koncedo kunye nezinto ezinokuthi zisebenzise isinyithi kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuba kwenzeke umhlwa.
Ukucoceka kwe-Aluminium: Ngokukodwa kwii-alloys zorhwebo, njengoko kukho ukwanda kobunyulu kukwakho ukwanda okulindelekileyo kwi-corrosion resistance ngenxa yobukho bokungcola okumbalwa okufayo okanye ukuthwala ukubola.
Ukuvezwa Kumanzi NeeNdawo Ezinetyuwa: Ukuvezwa kwe-aluminium alloy emoyeni omanzi nonetyuwa ngokuqinisekileyo kunempembelelo kwixesha layo elide. Ubuninzi bomswakama, obuhamba netyuwa, bunokukhawulezisa izinga lokubola, kodwa olu qweqwe lwe-aluminium lukhusela ekuboleni okukhulu.
I-aluminiyam inokuxhathisa ngokulula umhlwa kodwa imiba okanye indibaniselwano nezinye iintsimbi zinokukhokelela kukonakala kwegalvanic. Kwiindlela ezikhethekileyo zeAluminiyam yokukhula, kukwabalulekile kwimilinganiselo ethile jikelele yokhuseleko ukomeleza ukuqina kwayo ukuba isetyenziswe. Kuyanqweneleka ukudibana neembekiselo ezithembekileyo kunye nopapasho lwenzululwazi yokubola kunye nesinyithi se-aluminiyam ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya.
Ngaba iAluminiyam ingaRusa okanye iNdle kwiiMeko ezithile?
Ialuminiyam, enye imathiriyeli ekwaziyo ukumelana nomhlwa, inokuchaphazeleka ngokutya kwegalvanic xa idibana nezinye iintsimbi. Ngesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukugxila kumanyathelo anokomeleza ukuqina kweAluminium. Ezi zilandelayo ziimpendulo ezimfutshane kwimibuzo emalunga nokuthotywa kweAluminiyam.
Ukuqonda i-Aluminium Corrosion: Ukusabela kweekhemikhali ze-aluminium ekudibaneni nendawo engqongileyo kunokukhokelela ekudakaleni kwezinto.
Yintoni i-Galvanic Corrosion kwi-Aluminiyam?: I-galvanic corrosion yenzeke xa ukudibana phakathi kwe-Aluminiyam kunye nenye isinyithi kwenzeka xa kukho i-electrolyte ekhoyo.
Iimpembelelo zaManzi kunye neTyuwa kwiAluminiyam: Xa amanzi netyuwa zikhona oku kunokonyusa amathuba okuba igalvanic corrosion yenzeke ngokunjalo nobungakanani.
I-Aluminiyam iCorrode njani ngokuhamba kwexesha?: I-Aluminiyam ngokwendalo iya kuthi i-oxidize xa idibana neoksijini, ekhokelela kwi-electrolysis kunye nokuhlwa. Zonke ezi zintathu ziya kuba mandundu ekuhambeni kwexesha ukuba ukuchaneka okugqithisileyo kweemeko ezinzima kwenzeka.
Ngaba i-Oxide Layer ikhusela okanye iyingozi ?: Ubuninzi be-aluminium oxide layer ibangela ukukhuselwa kwisinyithi se-aluminium kwiimeko ezinzima. Ukuba akukhathalelwanga, okuchaseneyo kunokwenzeka okukukonakala kwesakhiwo sonke se-aluminium.
Ngaba uKunyangwa kweCorrosion kunokwandiswa? I-alloying enjalo, i-coating kunye nonyango lwangaphandle luphucula ukuxhathisa kwe-aluminiyam kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kwayo.
Zonke ezi nkalo zikhokelela kwisigqibo esivumelanayo. Oko kukuthi, iindlela zokujongana nengxaki ye-aluminium corrosion ziye zasekwa kwaye ngoko ke, izinto eziphathekayo zinokuqwalaselwa ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza ezimbi.
Ukuqonda i-Aluminiyam Corrosion
Ke, ndiyazi ukuba ndifana nerekhodi elaphukileyo kwaye ndihlala ndiziphindaphinda, kodwa malunga nesihloko se-aluminiyam ye-corrosion, ndingathanda ukuqala apho abalingane bam beyeke khona. Ngaphezu koko, ndiyazi kakuhle ukuba kwiingxoxo ezininzi, le corrosion imbi ngokwenene inokonakalisa nayiphi na into, i-aluminium, ngelishwa, ayikhuselekanga kule nto. Nangona kunjalo, le ntsimbi inomgangatho owahlukileyo oyenza yahluke kwezinye, iyaziphilisa ngenkqubo ebandakanya umaleko we-oxide owenziwe kumphezulu we-aluminiyam osebenza njengekhaka lokuqala lokukhusela kwi-corrosion. Ukuqhubela phambili, ukuba lo maleko we-anodized okanye nayiphi na into yokubeka isinyithi okanye i-plating iyakrweleka, ngoko ke isinyithi esingaphantsi kwengubo siyavela kwaye sonakaliswe ngokulula.
Ukuphendula umbuzo wendlela yokunciphisa i-corrosion xa kuziwa kwi-aluminium, iindlela ezininzi zenziwe. Ukugquma isinyithi ngokuguqulwa kwechromate okanye i-anodizing umphezulu wongeza umaleko onamandla wokukhusela kwi-aluminium. Ngaphezu koko, ukudibanisa i-aluminiyam kunye ne-alloys kunokuphucula ngokuphawulekayo ukuxhathisa ukubola kunye nokwandisa amandla ayo onke. Ipeyinti okanye iipeyinti zomgubo zisetyenziswa njengomlinganiselo ongaphezulu wokukhusela ekudlekeni njengendawo yokugqibela yokhetho.
Ngamanye amazwi, ukusuka kwindlela le kunye nezinye i-anodes eziziphatha ngayo kwiindawo ezithile kunye neemeko, umntu ngoku unokuqala ukuqonda ukuba yintoni i-galvanic corrosion kwi-aluminium component. Ukuba i-aluminiyam ifakwe ngaphakathi kwe-electrolyte kwaye idibana nentsimbi ehloniphekileyo, i-aluminiyam i-corrosion iya kwenzeka. Kule meko, i-aluminium isebenza njenge-anode, kwaye isinyithi esixabisekileyo sisebenza njenge-cathode, ngoko ke idla yonke i-aluminium ekhoyo. Emva koko, olu hlobo lwe-corrosion luyingozi kwingqibelelo yesakhiwo secandelo le-aluminium.
Ngoko ke singathanda ukutsala ingqalelo kunye nokubonelela ngobuchule malunga nendlela i-aluminium corrosion ingalawulwa ngayo enokunceda ukwenza ngokufanelekileyo izigqibo malunga nokusetyenziswa kwe-aluminium kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesicelo.
Yintoni iGalvanic Corrosion kwiAluminium?
Ndiya kuchaza i-Galvanic Corrosion kwi-Aluminium. Ukonakala kweGalvanic kwenzeka xa iintsimbi ezimbini ezingafaniyo zidityaniswe ngombane nge-electrolyte, amanzi, okanye ityuwa ethile. Ngeenkcukacha ezithe kratya, xa iAluminiyam isenza uqhagamshelwano nentsimbi ebekeke ngakumbi, yeyona nto iya kuthanda ukugqwala, ngaloo ndlela iAluminiyam iya kusebenza njenge-anode. Olu hlobo lwe-corrosion lunegalelo ekubambiseni kwe-Al surface, okuya kuphazamisa amandla kunye nobuhle benxalenye. Ngoko ke, uyilo olubandakanya izinto ze-aluminium zifunekayo ukuba zithathele ingqalelo le nto ekukhethweni kwezinto kunye namanyathelo okulungelelaniswa okufunekayo ukukhusela kunye nokunciphisa i-galvanic corrosion efana ne-thermal kunye nombane wokufakelwa kombane, iingubo, kunye nokukhethwa kweentsimbi ezifanelekileyo.
Iimpembelelo zaManzi kunye neTyuwa kwiAluminiyam
Ndiyingcaphephe kwisayensi yezixhobo kunye nomhlwa, kwaye ngokusekwe kulwazi lwam ukubola kwe-aluminiyam kunye nokudibanisa igalvanic emanzini kunye neemeko zetyuwa kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukucacisa, xa sele kubonakaliswe kwindawo yamanzi kunye netyuwa, i-aluminium ichaphazeleka yi-galvanic corrosion. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yomahluko onokubakho ialuminiyam enawo namanzi anetyuwa ajikelezileyo. Kule meko, iseli ye-electrochemical yenziwa nge-aluminiyam njenge-anode, inikezela ukuba ichaphazeleke kwi-corrosion.
Iziphumo zamanzi kunye neetyuwa kwi-aluminiyam zinokuqinisekiswa ngokujonga ezi parameters eziphambili zobugcisa:
Umahluko onokubakho wombane: Kuye kwaphawulwa ukuba mkhulu umahluko onokubakho phakathi kwe-aluminiyam kunye ne-electrolyte eyingqongileyo (kule meko amanzi olwandle), amathuba okuhlwa kwegalvanic ayanda ngokunjalo.
Ukuxinana kwetyuwa: Ukunyusa izinga letyuwa kwindawo engqongileyo kunokunyusa ubukhali bayo, ngaloo ndlela kukhawulezisa ukudleka kwealuminiyam.
Iqondo lobushushu: Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kusenokubangela ukonyuka kwesantya apho iimatriki zealuminiyam zidleka khona. Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokunyuka komsebenzi wamacandelo e-aluminium kunye ne-corrosive agents.
Ukunciphisa iimpembelelo zamanzi anetyuwa kunye nokufuma kwi-aluminiyam, amanyathelo okhuseleko ayimfuneko kufuneka athatyathwe Oku kunokubandakanya oku kulandelayo phakathi kwezinye:
Ukugquma okufanelekileyo: Ukutyhileka ngokuthe ngqo kumanzi olwandle kunye ne-aluminiyam kunokuncipha ngokubonakalayo ngokuthintela ukufinyela okuthe ngqo phakathi kokubini, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni kwamathuba okuhlwa kwegalvanic.
Iingubo ezikhuselayo: Iingubo ezifanelekileyo zinokuba ngumqobo owaneleyo phakathi kwe-aluminium kunye neendawo ezinobungozi, ezi ziquka i-anodizing okanye ezinye iipende.
Ukukhethwa kwezinyithi ezihambelanayo: Ngelixa uqulunqa iinkqubo, ukuba i-aluminium iza kusetyenziswa, ukusetyenziswa kweentsimbi ezihambelanayo kunokunciphisa okanye ukususa ngokupheleleyo imiphumo ye-galvanic corrosion.
Kuyenzeka ukuba kuthintelwe ubume be-aluminiyam ekuwohlokeni kakhulu kwimozulu embi ngenxa yokuvelelwa kwamanzi kunye netyuwa ukuba amanyathelo afanelekileyo athatyathwe kunye nokuqonda ubudlelwane phakathi kwamanzi, ityuwa kunye ne-aluminiyam.
Ingaba iAluminiyam iCorrode njani ngokuhamba kwexesha?
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukubola kwe-aluminiyam kunokubalelwa kwisenzo sesinyithi kunye nokusingqongileyo, ngokukodwa amanzi kunye ne-oxygen. I-corrosion mechanism yenza ukusekwa kwe-aluminium oxide kwindawo yesinyithi, enokukhusela isiseko se-aluminium okanye siyihlasele nayo. Ngesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuqonda iinkqubo ezihambelana nokukhula komgangatho we-oxide kunye nophuhliso lokuvavanya ukuxhathisa kwe-aluminiyam ye-corrosion kunye nokwenza amanyathelo afunekayo okuchasa. Kukho iziphumo ezikhuthazayo ngokukhetha isiseko sesinyithi se-aluminium, i-surface anodizing, okanye ukusebenzisa ii-coatings ezifanelekileyo kunye ne-alloys ehambelanayo. Amanyathelo ongezelelweyo abandakanya ukuhlolwa kokugcinwa kwesiqhelo kunye nokulungiswa okufaka isandla ekukhuselweni kwesakhelo se-aluminium.
Ukwenziwa koMaleko weAluminiyam oksidi
Ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-aluminium kuchaphazeleka kakhulu kubukho bomaleko we-oxide. I-aluminiyam ngokwendalo ikhupha ioksijini xa ivezwe kwioksijini, idala umaleko obhityileyo wezinye iioksidi zealuminiyam ngaphezulu komphezulu wealuminiyam. Lo maleko weoksidi unqanda i-aluminiyam eveziweyo ukuba ingagqobhozi okanye i-oxidizing ngakumbi.
Amaphuzu aphambili:
I-Oxygen exposure: Inkqubo ye-aluminium oxidation iqala ngokuvezwa kwe-aluminiyam kwi-oxygen ukusuka kwi-atmosfera engqongileyo.
Ukusabela kweMichiza: Ukusabela phakathi kwe-aluminiyam kunye neoksijini kukhokelela ekwakhiweni kwe-aluminium oxide layer.
Ukutyeba kunye nokwakheka: Nangona zihlala zikho ngenxa yeemeko ezifanayo, ukwakheka kunye nobukhulu bayohluka ngenxa yexesha lokuvezwa, ubushushu bokuvezwa, ukufuma okuvezwayo, njl njl kunye nomgangatho we-aluminiyam.
Iipropathi ezikhuselayo: Ngenxa yothintelo lokusabela ngokuthe ngqo phakathi kwe-aluminiyam kunye ne-ejenti ezonakalisayo, i-aluminiyam ene-oxidized inokumelana nokugqwala okukhulu kakhulu.
Ukuzilungisa: Ukuba umphezulu ukrwele okanye wonakaliswe, umqolo we-oxide uya kukhula umva, ngoko ke ugcine kwaye ukhusele i-aluminium phantsi komgangatho we-oxide.
Ukuqwalasela inkalo yokukhula kwe-aluminium oxide iya kuqinisekisa ukuphuhliswa kwemiqobo eyimfuneko yokugcina ingqibelelo yezakhiwo ze-aluminium ngokubhekiselele kwindawo ehlaselayo kwixesha elide.
Ngaba iOxide Layer iyakhusela okanye yenzakalisa?
I-aluminiyam's oxide coating isebenza njengokhuselo lokutya kwaye ke ngoko ikhusela umphezulu we-aluminiyam ekubeni ube sesichengeni esithe ngqo kwizinto ezidlekayo. Le yokwambathisa kwandisa ukuxhathisa umhlwa kwezakhiwo aluminiyam-ezakhiwe ngokuba ngokuqhubekayo ukhusela kwaye ukutyabeka ukuziphilisa. Kukho ubuninzi boncwadi oluvela kwimithombo ehloniphekileyo ebonisa ukuba i-oxide layer ibalulekile ekukhuseleni i-aluminiyam, ngoko inokuchazwa njengento ebalulekileyo ye-aluminiyam enika ixesha elide kwiindawo zayo.
Ngaba uKuxhathisa kuMnyama kunokuphuculwa?
Ezinye izinto ziphembelela ukubola kwi-aluminiyam kwaye kutheni le nto inokutshintshwa kakubi kwaye ilungile, kukho ezimbalwa, ngoko umzekelo kudidi lokumelana nokubola, ukuchonga iimpawu eziphathekayo kunokutshintsha izinto ezimbalwa, ezinye zezi:
Iiwebhusayithi ezintathu: Izixhobo zokugquma, ulwakhiwo lwealloyi – le ngxubevange inobhedu kunye nemagnesium”.
Ukukhethwa ngokufanelekileyo koyilo lwe-alloy kuphucula indlela yokuziphatha kokugqwala. Ezinye zezinto ezidibanisa i-alloy ezifana ne-copper okanye i-magnesium ziqinisa umaleko we-aluminium oxide okhoyo kwaye ziphucula umsebenzi wawo wokukhusela.
Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-Corrosion kunokunyuswa kumalungu e-aluminium ngokusetyenziswa kwe-coating yokukhusela okanye iinkqubo zonyango ze-anodizing. Iingubo ezikhuselayo zixhomekeke ekusebenziseni isithintelo somzimba kwi-aluminiyam ngokuchasene neendaba ezitshabalalisayo kunye ne-anodizing kwandisa ubukhulu kunye nomgangatho wefilimu ye-oxide eyenziwe phezu kwe-aluminium.
Ngokubanzi ukunciphisa ukuvezwa kwimo engqongileyo enobundlobongela kunokuphucula ukusebenza kokubola kwemathiriyeli. Ukungena komoya okwaneleyo, ukulawula ukufuma, kunye nokungabandakanywa kokuvezwa kwiikhemikhali ezinobundlobongela kulindeleke ukuba kukhusele iinkcukacha ze-aluminium.
Iimeko zokusebenza: Izinto ezichaphazelayo ziquka ubushushu, ukufuma, i-pH kunye nohlobo lwemithombo yeendaba ezinobungozi ezifana ne-acids, iityuwa kunye nokunye.
Xa kumiselwa iimfuno ezifunekayo kwinkqubo nganye, kukhethwa ukubandakanya ezininzi zezi ndlela kunye nokubonisana neengcali ngelixa usenza ulungelelwaniso lokuziqhelanisa olungaguqukiyo ngokunjalo, oku kuxhomekeke kwinkqubo yovavanyo ejoliswe ukufikelela kwinqanaba elinqwenelekayo lokuxhathisa umhlwa kwizakhiwo ze-aluminium.
Kutheni ukhetha iAluminiyam ngaphezu kwezinye iintsimbi?
Kuzo zonke izinto zokwakha ezikhoyo kwiimarike, i-aluminium, mhlawumbi, ithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Makhe singene kwezinye iinkcukacha ezibonisa ukuba kutheni i-aluminiyam ineenzuzo ezininzi kunezinye iintsimbi.
Ubunzima obuphantsi kunye noBunamandla: Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ze-aluminium ubunzima bayo, kwaye ngoko ke ifanelekile apho ukwakhiwa kwe-lightweight kuyimfuneko. Yomelele kwaye inomthamo omkhulu, okuthetha ukuba iya kuhlala ixesha elide.
I-Oxidation Resistance: I-Aluminiyam inokwenza i-aluminium oxide ekhusela ngokufanelekileyo ukubola. Ngaphaya koko, oku kunika ukhuseleko kwi-aluminiyam emanzini, ekukhanyeni, kubushushu, nakwezinye iimeko ezinzima.
Ukusebenziseka: Ukusebenziseka kwe-aluminiyam kwenza kube lula kakhulu ukwenza okanye ukukhupha isiqwenga/isakhiwo esintsokothileyo nesintsokothileyo. Inomsebenzi omninzi ofunekayo kwi-alloy yeenjongo ezahlukeneyo zokwakha kunye nobunjineli.
Ukusebenziseka kwakhona: Ialuminiyam ilula kakhulu ukuyiseyisa kwakhona kwaye, ke ngoko, i-eco-friendly. Inokuphinda isetyenziswe kwakhona, kwaye kwakhona ngaphandle kokuguqula umgangatho ogcina amandla kunye nokusingqongileyo.
Ingqiqo: Ixabiso le-aluminiyam linokuba lingaphezulu kunezinye isinyithi, kodwa ukujonga izibonelelo, eziziindleko zokulungisa, ixesha lokuphila, kunye nokuphinda zisetyenziswe, zenza isisombululo esineendleko eziphezulu kulo lonke ukwakhiwa.
Ukuqukumbela, i-aluminiyam yeyona nto ilunge kakhulu ukuba isetyenziswe xa kusakhiwa izakhiwo ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo ezinjengokuqina, ukuxhathisa kwi-corrosion, ukuqina, ukuba nezinto ezininzi kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba ne-eco-friendly.
Ukuthelekisa iAluminiyam kunye neRust yentsimbi
Kukho iinkalo ezininzi apho i-aluminiyam idlula khona intsimbi kwaye ukumelana nokugqwala yenye yazo. Nantsi inkcazo emfutshane yothelekiso lwe-aluminiyam nentsimbi ngokukodwa ngokubhekiselele ekumelaneni nokugqwala :
I-Corrosion Resistance: I-Aluminiyam ine-oxyde ezivelisa ngokwayo esebenza njengokhuselo kwaye iyingqayizivele kwi-aluminiyam enciphisa kakhulu i-oxidation kunye nokuhlwa xa intsimbi ibonakaliswe emoyeni. Le propati ngelishwa ayisebenzisi kwintsimbi njengoko ivame ukugqwala xa isinyithi kunye nokufuma kubonakaliswe ngaphandle kokukhusela.
Imiba yokusiNgqongileyo: Ezinye izinto ziyahluka ngokunjalo, kwindawo eselunxwemeni kunye nefumileyo apho i-aluminiyam ityhilekile, okanye xa kukho iimeko ezineasidi, ukuxhathisa kwe-aluminiyam kungayinceda kakhulu imathiriyeli, ngelixa intsimbi iya kusebenza ngakumbi kwezi ndawo.
IiMfuno zoLondolozo: Ukuvezwa kwe-aluminiyam kubumanzi kungqineke kuyingozi kwezinye iintsimbi njengentsimbi, kungoko ngenxa yokumelana nokudleka okukhulu kwe-aluminiyam, ifuna ukugcinwa okunganeno kakhulu. Ngokufaka i-furbishing rhoqo kunye nokugquma ecaleni kwesuti, iindawo apho izakhiwo ze-aluminiyam zinokugcinwa.
Ubomi obude: Ukukwazi ukumelana nokubola kwenza i-aluminiyam ibe yintsimbi enkulu ukuba isetyenziswe ngexesha leeprojekthi zokwakha apho kufuneka kuthathwe izinto ezilindeleke ukuba zihlale ixesha elide. Kungenjalo, i-aluminiyam iqinisekisa ukuqina ngelixa intsimbi ifuna ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye neengubo zokugquma ukukhusela ukurusa okuya kwandisa ubomi bezakhiwo.
I-aluminiyam ibonisa iqondo eliphezulu ngaphezu kwentsimbi xa isiza kwinkxalabo yomhlwa kunye nezinto zokubola ngenxa yeempawu zomaleko we-oxide. Idala iimeko ezifanelekileyo zeemeko ezahlukeneyo kunye nokunciphisa ukugcinwa kwenza kube lula ukusetyenziselwa iinjongo zokwakha.
Izinto eziluncedo zeAluminiyam kuLwakhiwo
Malunga neenzuzo ze-aluminium kulwakhiwo, mna, njengengcali kulo mba, ndikholelwa ukuba kukho iingenelo ezininzi zokusebenzisa i-aluminium kulwakhiwo ngaphambi kokuba umntu abambe ukusebenzisa isinyithi esongezelelweyo okanye ialloy esazi ukuba iipropati zabo ziyi-asethi kumsebenzi wokwakha. Nazi ezinye iinzuzo eziphambili ze-aluminium kulwakhiwo:
I-Aluminiyam iKhanya kodwa yomelele: I-aluminiyam iye yaqatshelwa ukuba inomlinganiselo obalaseleyo wobunzima bokuqina. Ngaphaya koko, yongeza inkxaso yolwakhiwo ngelixa inciphisa ubunzima benkqubo yolwakhiwo iyonke eyenza kube lula ukuthuthwa kunye nokufakelwa kwesakhiwo.
I-aluminiyam iNxina nomhlwa: Ialuminiyam ngokwendalo iphuhlisa umaleko weoksidi ophawulwe njengesebenzayo kwindawo ezahlukeneyo kwaye inamandla afanelekileyo ngokuchasene nokuhlwa. Ngokuchaseneyo nezinye iintsimbi ezifana nentsimbi, ukugquma ukuphepha ukurusa akuyomfuneko ekhokelela kulondolozo oluphantsi.
I-Aluminiyam inokubunjwa: I-Aluminiyam Ukuba i-malleable yenza ukuba abayili bezakhiwo baphonononge imida engaphezulu kwaye bakhethe ukuyila kunye noyilo olungaqhelekanga olungenakukwazi ukwenzeka ngokwezoqoqosho kusetyenziswa ezinye izinto umzekelo i-aluminiyam inokukhutshwa kwaye ibunjwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo njengoko kufuneka.
I-Aluminiyam ixhasa ukugcinwa kwamandla: I-Aluminiyam yi-conductor efanelekileyo yokushisa kunye nombane, xa ifakwe kwiingcango ze-beige okanye nayiphi na enye inxalenye yesakhiwo esifana ne-Windows kunye ne-facades inciphisa ixabiso elipheleleyo lamandla ngokunciphisa amanqanaba okufudumeza kunye nokupholisa kwaye ngenxa yokuba igcina ukugcinwa kwe-thermal esebenzayo.
Ukurisayikilishwa kwakhona: Xa kufikwa kumagama amathathu ialuminiyam isoloko ihlelwa ngeendlela zokuphinda isetyenziswe kwakhona kwaye inobuhlobo boqoqosho nayo, kuba inokuphinda isetyenziswe kwakhona ngaphandle kokulahleka komgangatho, lukhetho oluhle lokusebenzisa into ebizwa ngokuba ziiprojekthi zokwakha eziluhlaza.
I-aluminiyam ikhethwa kulwakhiwo njengoko ivumela abakhi ukuba bayile izakhiwo ezithandekayo, ezinesitayile, ezomeleleyo, ezinqwenelekayo, nezawonga amandla, ngaphezu koko ilawula impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kulwakhiwo.
Ngaba iAluminiyam ifanelekile kuzo zonke iiNdawo ezisingqongileyo?
Ekuthatheni ingqalelo ezona mathiriyeli zingcono zokwakha phantsi kweemeko ezinzima, eyona nto iqukumbela ngokulusizi i-aluminiyam ngenxa yamasuntswana aphuma kuyo ngenxa yemozulu xa evezwe kumanqanaba athile e-pH. Ndivumele ukuba ndibonise ngcono izikhokelo ezimbalwa eziphambili:
I-aluminiyam kunye nokufuma okudityaniswe netyuwa kunobudlelwane obuyinkathazo xa ubani eqwalasela iimeko zasemoyeni kwiindawo ezikufutshane nolwandle ngokukodwa, ukulwa nale aluminium yokugxwala kwiimeko ezinjalo kufuneka yambathiswe ngoomaleko bezinye iintsimbi ukuze imelane nokuntlitheka kwezinto.
Kubalulekile ukuqaqambisa ukuba iqondo lobushushu begumbi incindi yomaleko we-aluminiyam ingqineka iyimpumelelo kodwa xa iphantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kakhulu okanye obuphantsi umaleko uqalisa ukuphalaza amasuntswana.
Okokugqibela, ukukwazi kwe-aluminiyam ukukhupha amasuntswana kwiimeko ze-pH ezigqithisileyo ngenxa ye-asidi ephezulu okanye i-alkalinity yinkxalabo. Ke ngaphandle kwalo mba wongezelelo lwemozulu idlala indima ebalulekileyo kuzinzo lwe-pH kungoko umahluko wobushushu ubalulekile ekumiseleni ulwahlulo lwe-aluminiyam kwindawo ethile.
Malunga neprojekthi kunye nokusingqongileyo okungqongileyo, kubalulekile ukuba kuxoxwe kwisangqa esingasentla kwaye kuvavanywe iiparamitha ezithile zobugcisa. Ke ngoko, ukukhethwa kweealloyi, ukusetyenziswa kweengubo ezikhuselayo, izinto zokunciphisa umphezulu, kunye nokhathalelo lwesiqhelo kunye nokugcinwa kuyimfuneko kubomi obude be-aluminium kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kunye neemeko. Zonke ezi ngqwalasela kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ukwenzela ukuba i-aluminiyam isetyenziswe kwimisebenzi yokwakha ngaphandle kokukhathazeka kwe-corrosion enobudlova kwaye yandise ngokufanelekileyo inzuzo yayo.
Zeziphi iindlela zokuThintela ukuMdla kweAluminiyam?
Ukuveza i-aluminiyam yanele ukuba iqalise ukubola. Ngokwenyani, i-aluminiyam i-corrosion kukuthotywa kancinci kwe-aluminium alloy okanye umaleko wayo ongaphezulu ngenxa yezinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana namanzi, ityuwa, iasidi, kwaye rhoqo ezinye iindlela zempembelelo embi. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kukho imilinganiselo yokukhusela efana nokusebenzisa iingubo ezinokuthi zithintele ngokufanelekileyo i-alloy ye-aluminium ekukhukuleni. Ukubonisa ngcono iindlela ezithile zokuthintela ukubola kwesi siqalelo, kukho imilinganiselo embalwa ekufuneka iqatshelwe. Konke kukuqinisekisa ukuba umaleko we-oxidant ujiyile kwaye womelele. Itekhnoloji esemva kokuba ezo zogqumo zinamandla oxidanti kufuneka zifakwe zaziwa ngokuba yi-'anodizing'. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba zonke iintlobo zeepeyinti, i-lacquer, i-powder kunye naluphi na uhlobo lwangaphandle / lwangaphakathi lwangaphakathi olufana neengubo kufuneka zifakwe. Ngokuqinisekileyo kukho umntu ozaziyo iimpawu ze-aluminium alloy ukunqanda ukuchitha ixesha namandla. Ngokomzekelo, ukuguqula ipesenti ye-magnesium kwi-alloy ngokuqinisekileyo kunempembelelo kwisiphumo malunga ne-magnesium alloys. Ukuqukumbela, inqaku elibalulekileyo kukuba i-aluminium njengezinto eziphathekayo ifuna ukugcinwa rhoqo kwaye ukucoca i-debris kunye neempawu zokubola okanye i-rust kufuneka ibe yinto ephambili yokwandisa ixesha lokuphila. Ngokuqwalasela ezi ngcebiso, ikamva le-aluminium libonakala lithembisa njengoko linciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
IAnodizing iyikhusela njani iAluminium?
I-Anodizing lunyango lwe-electrochemical oluphucula ukunxiba kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-aluminiyam. Unyango lwe-electrochemical ye-aluminiyam yenza umaleko we-oxide okhuselayo kumphezulu we-aluminiyam osebenza njengomaleko we-buffer kwi-agent e-corrosive engafunekiyo. Lo maleko we-oxide unokuveliswa ngokufaka i-aluminiyam kwisisombululo se-electrolyte kwaye idlule ngoku ngqo kuyo. I-anodized layer idla ngokuqulunqwa nge-aluminium oxide (Al2O3) engenakunqongophala lula.
Imiba eqaphelekayo:
I-Anodizing yongeza umaleko we-oxide okhuselayo ukuya phezulu kwe-aluminiyam.
Uluhlu lwe-oxide luthintela ukuhlaselwa kwee-agent ezitshabalalisayo.
I-aluminiyam oxide (Al2 O3) iquka umaleko we-anodized.
I-Anodizing iphucula i-corrosion kunye nokumelana nokunxiba kwe-aluminium.
Iinkcukacha zobugcisa:
I-Voltage: La ngamandla ombane abonelelwayo ngexesha lenkqubo ye-anodizing, inefuthe kubukhulu kunye nomgangatho we-anodized coating, I-voltage eqhelekileyo iphakathi kwe-12 ukuya kwi-25 volts.
Ixesha le-anodizing: Eli lixesha elithathwe kwinkqubo ye-electrolytic, inoxanduva lobunzima bomgangatho we-oxide owenziwe. Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu obufunekayo, inokuhluka ukusuka kwimizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwiiyure ezininzi.
Ukubunjwa kwe-electrolysis: I-electrolyte esetyenziswa ngexesha lenkqubo ye-anodizing, kunye nokugxila kwayo, izinto ezinjalo ngamanye amaxesha zinokuphembelela iimpawu zomaleko we-anodised njengobunzima okanye ubulukhuni. Ii-electrolytes ezidla ngokusetyenziswa zi-electrolytes ezifana ne-sulfuric acid kunye ne-chromic acid.
Ngombulelo kwinkqubo ye-anodizing, i-aluminiyam inokumelana nokugqwala okuphawulekayo, okuvumela ukusetyenziswa okuthembisayo kumashishini okwakha, iimoto kunye ne-aerospace.
Ukusetyenziswa kweeCoatings kunye ne-alloys
Ndiyazi iingubo, kunye ne-alloys, malunga nesicelo sabo ngokusebenzisa ubuchule be-aluminium anodizing. Iimpawu ze-thermal zokugquma kwe-aluminium umzekelo ukuxhathisa ukubola, i-ductility kunye nembonakalo yobuhle iphuculwe kakhulu. Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zokugquma: iipeyinti eziphilayo (umzekelo iipeyinti kunye nomgubo) kunye ne-inorganic coatings (umzekelo i-anodic oxides coating). Iingubo ezinjalo zibalulekile njengoko zibonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelweyo kumphezulu we-aluminium, ngaloo ndlela kuphucula ukukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezinto ze-aluminium.
UAdam et al. (2002) ichaza ukuba ukubunjwa kwezinto ezidibeneyo yenye yezinto ezichaza iimpawu ze-anodized coating kwi-aluminium. I-aluminiyam e-Anodized eveliswe kwii-alloys ezahlukeneyo ayiyi kuba neepropathi ezifanayo zeekhemikhali kunye nezomatshini ngenxa yokumahluko ekubunjweni kwezinto ezixutywayo ezifana ne-silicon magnesium yobhedu kunye nemali eyongeziweyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezidibeneyo kunye neengubo kwi-aluminium anodized; uncwadi lwezonyango aluwubonisi umba ngokucacileyo, ngoko ke yonke imisebenzi yenzululwazi yezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yimithombo enegunya kufuneka ibandakanyeke. Unokufunda kwiindawo ezintathu zokuqala ezidweliswe ngumbuzo kaGoogle malunga nengxaki yokwandisa ulwazi lwakho kwindawo.
Iingcebiso zoLondolozo lweAluminiyam
Ukutsalwa kumava am kwi-anodizing ye-aluminium, ndiye ndaphonononga iiwebhusayithi ezintathu eziphezulu ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu kuGoogle. Nantsi into endiyifumeneyo, ukunceda ukugcina i-aluminiyam:
Okokuqala kukuCoca rhoqo: Kuyaqondakala ukuba, kuyacetyiswa ukucoca umphezulu we -aluminiyam eyosiweyo usebenzisa isepha ethambileyo kunye nesepha yamanzi ukunceda ukukhusela ukusebenza kunye nokubonakala kwengubo. Izinto zokucoca ezinamandla kunye nezicoci ezirhabaxa kufuneka ziphetshwe nangayiphi na indlela kuba zingonakalisa iingubo.
Okwesibini, ukuba kunokwenzeka, Gwema ukuKwaya i-Aluminiyam: Ukunceda ukuphepha umngcipheko wokukrazula, kufuneka ugcine kude nezinto ezibukhali kunye nezinye izinto ezinqabileyo. Ngaphezu koko, xa ubeka izinto phezu kwendawo ye-aluminium, sebenzisa rhoqo iipads okanye izikhuselo ezikhuselayo eziza kuphepha ukudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nezixhobo ezimbini.
Okwesithathu, Gwema iMpembelelo: I-aluminiyam e-Anodized inovakalelo kwiimpembelelo. Ukunqanda ukubeka ubunzima kumphezulu, zama ukugcina izinto ezinzima zingawi phezu komhlaba njengoko i-indentation kunye neentanda zinokuthi zenzeke phantsi koxinzelelo.
Okwesine, ukuHlolwa kokuMhlwa: Kucetyiswa ukuba umntu enze uhlolo lwarhoqo lomphezulu we-aluminiyam ukuze ahlole iimpawu zomhlwa ezifana nokugalela okanye umgubo omhlophe. Nanini na xa kufunyenwe i-corrosion, kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukuze kugwenywe umonakalo ongakumbi kwizinto eziphathekayo.
Okokugqibela, Kwi-Aluminiyam egqunyiweyo - jonga kwaye ugcine i-Coatings: Ukuba i-aluminiyam egqunyiweyo ikhona qinisekisa ukuba iingubo azixoki / ziphule. Ubuncinci bokulungiswa kuya kufuneka xa kukho imikrwelo okanye ukusilela kokugquma.
Iiparamitha zobuchwepheshe:
Ii-agent zokucoca ezisetyenzisiweyo kufuneka zibe nexabiso le-pH le-7 ukwenzela ukuba lingonakalisi i-anodized layer.
Ngokobunzima bokugquma, i-aluminiyam ye-anodized ye-aluminiyam yesiko i-15 ukuya kwi-25 microns ubukhulu.
Ukubunjwa kufuneka kube yi-alloys enobhedu, i-silicon, kunye ne-magnesium kwinqanaba elifunekayo le-alloying ngokuxhomekeke kwiipropati ezifunwayo.
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, i-anodized aluminiyam imigangatho ifuna ukhathalelo kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo ukuze kusebenze ngempumelelo ixesha elide. Kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukulandela iingcebiso zomenzi kwaye ufune iingcebiso kwiingcali malunga neempawu zokugcinwa kohlobo oluthile kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemveliso ye-aluminium.
Ucaphulo
Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo (FAQ)
Umbuzo: Ngaba i-aluminiyam iyarusa njengentsimbi kunye nentsimbi?
IMPENDULO: Ialuminiyam ayiruswa njengentsimbi kunye nentsimbi kuba umhlwa ubhekisela ekudlekeni kwentsimbi okanye intsimbi. Ekubeni i-aluminiyam ayinayo intsimbi, ayivuthwanga ngendlela eqhelekileyo.
Umbuzo: Kwenzeka ntoni xa ialuminiyam isabela ngeoksijini?
A: Xa ialuminiyam idibana neoksijini, yenza umaleko we-aluminiyam oxide kumphezulu wesinyithi. Olu luhlu lukhusela isinyithi esingaphantsi kwi-corrosion.
Umbuzo: Kutheni i-aluminiyam ingavuthi njengentsimbi?
A: Ngokungafaniyo nentsimbi, i-aluminium iya kwenza umaleko we-oxide obambelela ngamandla kumphezulu wesinyithi. Lo maleko we-aluminiyam oxide awugqabhuki, unika ukuxhathisa okulungileyo kokutya kunye nokukhusela isinyithi esiseleyo.
Umbuzo: Ngaba umaleko we-aluminiyam oxide ukhusela?
A: Ewe, i-aluminium oxide eyenziwe phezu komhlaba isebenza njengoluhlu olukhuselayo, ukukhusela i-oxidation eyongezelelweyo kunye ne-corrosion, iqinisekisa ukuba isinyithi sigcina ingqibelelo yayo.
Umbuzo: Ngaba i-aluminiyam engaphathwanga inokugqwala?
A: I-aluminiyam engaphendulwanga inokugqwesa phantsi kweemeko ezithile, ngakumbi xa ibonakaliswe kwi-sulfides okanye i-chlorides, kodwa ayisiyonto inkulu njengoko i-aluminiyam ikhawuleza yenza umaleko we-oxide okhuselayo.
Umbuzo: Ubukho be-sulfide okanye i-chloride buchaphazela njani i-aluminium?
A: Ubukho be-sulfide okanye i-chloride bunokukhokelela kwi-pitting okanye kwi-corrosion yendawo kwi-aluminiyam, kodwa amandla endalo esinyithi ukwenza umaleko okhuselweyo okhuselweyo uhlala ethomalalisa umonakalo omkhulu.
Umbuzo: Uthini umahluko phakathi kwe-aluminiyam ecocekileyo kunye ne-alloys ye-aluminiyam malunga nokuhlwa?
A: I-aluminium ecocekileyo inokumelana nokugqwala okugqwesileyo ngenxa yokukwazi ukwenza umaleko we-oxide okhuselayo. Iialloyi ze-aluminiyam zinokuba nokumelana nokuthotywa okwahluka-hlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kukwakheka kwazo kunye nemekobume ezivezwe kuyo.
Umbuzo: Ingaba i-aluminiyam kunye nentsimbi engatyiwayo yahluke njani ngokomhlwa?
A: Zombini i-aluminiyam kunye nensimbi engenasici ziyamelana nokubola, kodwa zifezekisa oku ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. I-Aluminiyam ixhomekeke kumaleko we-oxide okhuselayo, ngelixa isinyithi esingenasici sinechromium, eyenza ifilimu yokuthintela ukubola kwentsimbi.
Umbuzo: Ngaba i-aluminiyam iyadibana nezinye izinto ngaphandle kweoksijini?
A: Ewe, i-aluminiyam inokusabela nezinye izinto ezifana ne-sulfide kunye nekloridi phantsi kweemeko ezithile, kodwa umaleko we-aluminiyam oxide uhlala unika ukhuseleko olubalulekileyo.
Q: Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umaleko we-oxide kwi-aluminiyam yonakele?
A: Ukuba i-oxide layer kwi-aluminium yonakalisiwe, isinyithi esivezwayo siya kusabela ngokukhawuleza nge-oksijini ukuze senze uluhlu olutsha olukhuselayo, ngaloo ndlela lugcina ukuxhathisa kwayo okulungileyo.
